TCP/IP Questions and Answers

Q: Which of the following is a feature of the TCP protocol ?

TCP is Connection-oriented and reliable.TCP sets up a connection with a three-way handshake before sending data, numbers the segments, acknowledges them, retransmits lost ones and delivers them in order, which makes it reliable.Connectionless and unreliable describes UDP. TCP is both reliable and ordered, so 'unreliable but ordered' is wrong, and since B is right, 'None of the above' is too.

Q: Which protocol is used for remote login to a computer over a network ?

Remote login is done with SSH.Secure Shell (SSH) lets a user log in to and run commands on a remote computer over an encrypted connection, usually on port 22. It replaced the insecure Telnet.FTP transfers files, HTTP transfers web pages, and SNMP monitors and manages network devices.On Linux a typical command is ssh user@hostname.

Q: What is the maximum length of an IPv4 address ?

An IPv4 address is 32 bits long.IPv4 addresses are 32 bits, written as four 8-bit octets in dotted-decimal form such as 192.168.1.1. That gives 232, about 4.3 billion, possible addresses, a limit whose exhaustion led to NAT and to IPv6.128 bits is the length of an IPv6 address. 16 bits is the size of a TCP or UDP port number, and 64 bits is the interface-identifier half of an IPv6 address.

Q: Which protocol is used to automatically assign IP addresses to devices on a network?

The protocol is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol).A DHCP server leases IP addresses to clients automatically, along with the subnet mask, default gateway and DNS servers, through the Discover, Offer, Request and Acknowledge exchange. No manual configuration is needed on each device.DNS translates domain names into IP addresses. ARP finds the MAC address for a known IP address. RARP did the reverse, finding an IP address from a MAC address, but it is obsolete and gives none of the other settings, so it was replaced by BOOTP and then DHCP.

Q: In TCP/IP, what is the purpose of the three-way handshake ?

The three-way handshake is for connection establishment.Before TCP sends data, the client sends SYN, the server replies SYN-ACK, and the client answers ACK. The exchange agrees the initial sequence numbers in both directions and confirms that both sides are ready, so a reliable connection is set up.TCP does not encrypt data, which is the job of TLS. Error detection uses the checksum and acknowledgements on every segment, not the handshake. Routing is done by IP and the routers, and the handshake plays no part in it.

Q: Which protocol operates at the application layer and is used for secure web browsing ?

The protocol is HTTPS.HTTPS is HTTP carried over a TLS-encrypted connection, normally on port 443. TLS gives confidentiality, integrity and authentication of the server through its certificate, which is why browsers show a padlock for HTTPS sites.Plain HTTP (port 80) is unencrypted. FTP transfers files and is also unencrypted by default. SMTP sends e-mail. All four are application-layer protocols, but only HTTPS provides secure web browsing.

Q: One of the header fields in an IP datagram is the Time to Live (TTL) field. Which of the following statements best explains the need for this field ?

The TTL field exists to prevent packet looping.Each router that forwards an IP datagram decreases its Time to Live by one, and discards the datagram when the value reaches zero. If a routing error sends a packet round a loop, TTL ensures it is eventually dropped instead of circulating forever and wasting bandwidth.Prioritising packets is done with the type of service (DSCP) field, and TTL does nothing to reduce delay or optimise throughput.

Q: What is the maximum size of data that the application layer can pass on to the TCP layer below ?

The application layer can pass data of any size.TCP provides a byte stream. The application hands it data of whatever length it likes, and TCP itself divides the stream into segments that fit the network, numbering the bytes so the receiver can reassemble them in order.The 2^16 limits belong to the length fields of a single IP datagram or UDP datagram, not to what an application may pass to TCP, and 1500 bytes is the usual Ethernet MTU, a link-layer limit.

Q: At which port number, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) operates

SNMP operates on port 161.The Simple Network Management Protocol uses UDP port 161 for requests from the manager to agents, and port 162 for traps that agents send to the manager.Ports 160, 163 and 164 are not the SNMP ports, though 162 is its trap port, which makes 161 easy to confuse with its neighbours.Other well-known UDP ports include 53 for DNS, 67 and 68 for DHCP and 69 for TFTP.

Q: Which protocol is connectionless ?

The connectionless protocol is UDP.The User Datagram Protocol sends each datagram on its own, without setting up a connection, without acknowledgements and without guaranteeing delivery or order. That makes it light and fast, which suits DNS lookups, streaming and online games.TCP is connection-oriented: it opens a connection with a three-way handshake and guarantees reliable, ordered delivery. FTP and SMTP are application protocols that run over TCP, so they also depend on a connection.

31.

Which of the following is a feature of the TCP protocol ?

A.Connectionless and unreliable
B.Connection-oriented and reliable
C.Unreliable but ordered
D.None of the above

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: B

TCP is Connection-oriented and reliable.

TCP sets up a connection with a three-way handshake before sending data, numbers the segments, acknowledges them, retransmits lost ones and delivers them in order, which makes it reliable.

Connectionless and unreliable describes UDP. TCP is both reliable and ordered, so 'unreliable but ordered' is wrong, and since B is right, 'None of the above' is too.

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32.

Which protocol is used for remote login to a computer over a network ?

A.FTP
B.HTTP
C.SSH
D.SNMP

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: C

Remote login is done with SSH.

Secure Shell (SSH) lets a user log in to and run commands on a remote computer over an encrypted connection, usually on port 22. It replaced the insecure Telnet.

FTP transfers files, HTTP transfers web pages, and SNMP monitors and manages network devices.

On Linux a typical command is ssh user@hostname.

Discuss in Forum

33.

What is the maximum length of an IPv4 address ?

A.16 bits
B.32 bits
C.64 bits
D.128 bits

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2026,

Answer: B

An IPv4 address is 32 bits long.

IPv4 addresses are 32 bits, written as four 8-bit octets in dotted-decimal form such as 192.168.1.1. That gives 2³², about 4.3 billion, possible addresses, a limit whose exhaustion led to NAT and to IPv6.

128 bits is the length of an IPv6 address. 16 bits is the size of a TCP or UDP port number, and 64 bits is the interface-identifier half of an IPv6 address.

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34.

Which protocol is used to automatically assign IP addresses to devices on a network?

A.DNS
B.DHCP
C.ARP
D.RARP

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2026,

Answer: B

The protocol is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol).

A DHCP server leases IP addresses to clients automatically, along with the subnet mask, default gateway and DNS servers, through the Discover, Offer, Request and Acknowledge exchange. No manual configuration is needed on each device.

DNS translates domain names into IP addresses. ARP finds the MAC address for a known IP address. RARP did the reverse, finding an IP address from a MAC address, but it is obsolete and gives none of the other settings, so it was replaced by BOOTP and then DHCP.

Discuss in Forum

35.

In TCP/IP, what is the purpose of the three-way handshake ?

A.Data encryption
B.Connection establishment
C.Error detection
D.Routing optimization

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2026,

Answer: B

The three-way handshake is for connection establishment.

Before TCP sends data, the client sends SYN, the server replies SYN-ACK, and the client answers ACK. The exchange agrees the initial sequence numbers in both directions and confirms that both sides are ready, so a reliable connection is set up.

TCP does not encrypt data, which is the job of TLS. Error detection uses the checksum and acknowledgements on every segment, not the handshake. Routing is done by IP and the routers, and the handshake plays no part in it.

Discuss in Forum

36.

Which protocol operates at the application layer and is used for secure web browsing ?

A.HTTP
B.HTTPS
C.FTP
D.SMTP

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2026,

Answer: B

The protocol is HTTPS.

HTTPS is HTTP carried over a TLS-encrypted connection, normally on port 443. TLS gives confidentiality, integrity and authentication of the server through its certificate, which is why browsers show a padlock for HTTPS sites.

Plain HTTP (port 80) is unencrypted. FTP transfers files and is also unencrypted by default. SMTP sends e-mail. All four are application-layer protocols, but only HTTPS provides secure web browsing.

Discuss in Forum

37.

One of the header fields in an IP datagram is the Time to Live (TTL) field. Which of the following statements best explains the need for this field ?

A.It can be used to prioritize packets.
B.It can be used to reduce delays.
C.It can be used to optimize throughput.
D.It can be used to prevent packet looping.

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: D

The TTL field exists to prevent packet looping.

Each router that forwards an IP datagram decreases its Time to Live by one, and discards the datagram when the value reaches zero. If a routing error sends a packet round a loop, TTL ensures it is eventually dropped instead of circulating forever and wasting bandwidth.

Prioritising packets is done with the type of service (DSCP) field, and TTL does nothing to reduce delay or optimise throughput.

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38.

What is the maximum size of data that the application layer can pass on to the TCP layer below ?

A.Any size
B.2^16 bytes-size of TCP header
C.2^16 bytes
D.1500 bytes

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: A

The application layer can pass data of any size.

TCP provides a byte stream. The application hands it data of whatever length it likes, and TCP itself divides the stream into segments that fit the network, numbering the bytes so the receiver can reassemble them in order.

The 2^16 limits belong to the length fields of a single IP datagram or UDP datagram, not to what an application may pass to TCP, and 1500 bytes is the usual Ethernet MTU, a link-layer limit.

Discuss in Forum

39.

At which port number, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) operates

A.160
B.163
C.164
D.161

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2025,

Answer: D

SNMP operates on port 161.

The Simple Network Management Protocol uses UDP port 161 for requests from the manager to agents, and port 162 for traps that agents send to the manager.

Ports 160, 163 and 164 are not the SNMP ports, though 162 is its trap port, which makes 161 easy to confuse with its neighbours.

Other well-known UDP ports include 53 for DNS, 67 and 68 for DHCP and 69 for TFTP.

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40.

Which protocol is connectionless ?

A.TCP
B.FTP
C.UDP
D.SMTP

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2026,

Answer: C

The connectionless protocol is UDP.

The User Datagram Protocol sends each datagram on its own, without setting up a connection, without acknowledgements and without guaranteeing delivery or order. That makes it light and fast, which suits DNS lookups, streaming and online games.

TCP is connection-oriented: it opens a connection with a three-way handshake and guarantees reliable, ordered delivery. FTP and SMTP are application protocols that run over TCP, so they also depend on a connection.

Discuss in Forum

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