Neurological Disorders Questions and Answers

Answer: B

The condition is Hydrocephalus.

Hydrocephalus is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain, caused by blocked flow, poor absorption or excess production. The extra fluid usually raises intracranial pressure, and in infants it enlarges the head.

A head injury may raise intracranial pressure, but it is defined by trauma, not by excess CSF. A callus is the new bone formed at a healing fracture, and calculi are stones, such as kidney or gall stones.

Answer: D

The neurotransmitter is dopamine.

Parkinson's disease results from the loss of dopamine-producing nerve cells in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. Without enough dopamine, the brain cannot control movement smoothly, causing tremor, rigidity and slowness. Treatment with levodopa works by replacing dopamine.

Insulin is a pancreatic hormone that lowers blood sugar, and oxytocin and prolactin are pituitary hormones concerned with childbirth and milk production. None of them is the neurotransmitter lost in Parkinson's disease.