Climate Change and Global Warming Questions and Answers

Answer: A

The key gives Brazil.

Brazil's gross greenhouse gas emissions fell in 2022. The SEEG inventory put them at 2.3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent, 8% below 2021's 2.5 billion, mainly because deforestation in the Amazon fell and rains reduced the use of fossil-fuel power plants. Most of Brazil's emissions come from land-use change and agriculture, so a drop in deforestation moves the national total.

The other three rose in 2022. The EU's EDGAR inventory found that China, the United States and India increased their emissions over 2021, with India's the largest relative rise at 5%, and Indonesia's emissions also rose as coal use grew. Some energy-only CO2 estimates show a small fall for China, but on total greenhouse gases the rise holds.

Answer: B

Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.

Statement I is wrong because the United States, the second largest emitter, announced in 2025 that it would withdraw from the Paris Agreement. Losing its commitments and climate finance weakens global climate action rather than strengthening it.

Statement II reverses India's position. Official statements, including the Economic Survey 2024-25, stress adaptation, that is, building resilience to climate impacts, as a priority for a developing country, alongside mitigation. Saying India is focusing less on adaptation is therefore incorrect.

Answer: D

The answer is All of these.

The observed warming and rainfall changes in Jharkhand are attributed to human (anthropogenic) causes, and the main human cause is the emission of greenhouse gases. In a coal-based state like Jharkhand the energy sector, through coal mining and thermal power, is the largest single source of those emissions.

The three options are therefore links in one chain rather than rival explanations: energy-sector activity produces greenhouse gas emissions, which are the anthropogenic factor behind the change. Picking any one of them alone leaves out the others.

Answer: C

The key's answer is Reduces vulnerability towards natural hazard.

Table 5 of the Jharkhand State Action Plan on Climate Change, which sets state policies against climate change, marks the Jharkhand State Water Policy, 2011 as 'reduces vulnerability towards natural hazards' (ticked) and as not addressing the adaptation capabilities of institutions or community, and not reducing GHG emissions (crossed). It is ticked for conforming with the business-as-usual scenario and crossed for conforming with climate change scenarios.

That removes A, B and D, so C is the answer, in agreement with the key.

Answer: D

The key's answer is Undertaking projects for restoration and strengthening of infrastructure.

The plan says the objectives of the State Disaster Management Authority are the development and updating of plans and strategies for any type of disaster, and undertaking projects for restoration and strengthening of infrastructure damaged by disasters. Option D repeats that second objective.

In Table 5 of the same plan the Jharkhand Disaster Management Plan is crossed for addressing the adaptation capabilities of community and for GHG emissions, and the plan's description of it does not mention afforestation, so A, B and C are not what the plan states.

Answer: D

The item that is not a JAPCC plan is Start social forestry in all districts.

A state action plan on climate change is a planning document. Like the other state plans prepared under the National Action Plan on Climate Change, the JAPCC sets out to identify the climate risks facing each sector, to map the state's vulnerability, and to assess and recommend specific mitigation and adaptation measures.

Options A, B and C describe exactly those planning tasks. Starting social forestry in every district is a field programme of the Forest Department, not one of the objectives the action plan sets for itself.

Answer: C

The statement that is not true is Minimum average rainfall was received during 1991-2000.

The decadal rainfall record for 1956-2008 shows the 1990s as the wettest decade: rainfall was maximum during 1991-2000, as option B says. The same decade cannot also be the one with the minimum average rainfall, so option C contradicts B and is the false statement.

Options A and D describe the following period correctly: after 2000 annual rainfall fell sharply, and the state suffered severe droughts in that period.

Answer: C

The key's answer is Saraikela Kharsawan.

The Jharkhand State Action Plan on Climate Change says that Seraikela-Kharswan, one of the twenty-four districts of the state, has been selected for the Green India Mission under the National Action Plan on Climate Change, to improve over 5,000 hectares of land through social and farm forestry and the participation of gram sabhas.

Ranchi, Khunti and Hazaribag are not named in the plan for this purpose.

Answer: B

The key's answer is State Steering Committee.

The plan describes the planning process: sectoral working groups prepared the sectoral papers, the State Advisory Group guided the process, and the State Steering Committee gave feedback to the working groups, ensured resource mobilisation for the development of the plan, and was responsible for the timely delivery of the plan.

The working groups (A) wrote the sectoral papers and the advisory group (D) worked under the steering committee's guidance. The plan names no 'State Working Committee', so C is wrong.

Answer: C

The National Action Plan on Climate Change was released on 30th June, 2008.

Prime Minister Manmohan Singh released India's National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), with its eight national missions such as the National Solar Mission and the Green India Mission, on 30 June 2008. The states, Jharkhand among them, were then asked to prepare their own state action plans, and Jharkhand's JAPCC follows that national framework.

The other dates share the day and month but fall a year or more before or after the release.