A workload runs at 100 per cent capacity for 2 hours a day and 10 per cent for the other 22. What average utilisation would owned hardware sized for the peak achieve?
Answer: A
Two hours at full and twenty-two at a tenth averages about seventeen and a half per cent of the peak capacity. This is exactly the pattern for which elastic provisioning pays for itself. Peak sizing wastes most of the year.
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Assertion (A): A workload with a high peak to average ratio is a good candidate for cloud.
Reason (R): Owned hardware must be sized for the peak and sits idle the rest of the time.
Answer: B
Both are true and the reason gives the criterion, and the inverse case of a flat workload at high utilisation is the one where owned hardware wins. The ratio of peak to average demand is the number worth computing before deciding.
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Arrange the stages of a typical cloud migration in order.
1. migrate and validate in waves
2. assess the existing workloads and their dependencies
3. optimise cost and architecture after the move
4. choose a migration strategy for each workload
Answer: C
Correct answer: 2 - 4 - 1 - 3
Assessment comes first, because a strategy cannot be chosen for a workload whose dependencies are unknown. The strategy then determines what the migration of each workload involves, the migration itself runs in waves so that lessons from one inform the next, and optimisation follows the move - deliberately, since re-architecting and right-sizing are far easier once the workload is running and measurable in its new home.
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Lift and shift as a migration strategy means
Answer: D
Correct answer: moving an application to cloud with minimal change
Lift and shift, or rehosting, moves the application essentially as it stands onto cloud infrastructure. It is one of several strategies alongside replatforming, refactoring, repurchasing, retaining and retiring, and it is chosen when speed matters more than optimisation - a data centre lease expiring, for instance.
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Consider the following statements about lift and shift migration.
1. It is the fastest way to move a workload.
2. It captures relatively little of the available cloud benefit.
3. It automatically makes an application elastic.
Answer: A
Correct answer: 1 and 2 only
Statements 1 and 2 are the trade lift and shift makes: it is the quickest route, and it captures little of the benefit because the application still assumes fixed servers. Statement 3 is wrong - elasticity has to be designed for, and an application that keeps state on local disk and scales only vertically will not become elastic merely by running on someone else’s hardware.
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State whether the following is true or false.
Vendor lock-in is a consideration when adopting managed cloud services.
Answer: B
Correct answer: True
Managed services are where the value is and where the lock-in is, because the deeper the integration with a provider’s proprietary database, queue or function runtime, the more expensive it becomes to leave. The consideration is not a reason to avoid them but a factor to weigh deliberately, alongside the egress charges that make moving accumulated data costly in itself.
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The principal argument against designing purely for portability between clouds is that
Answer: C
Correct answer: it forfeits the managed services offered
Designing for portability means restricting oneself to the lowest common denominator across providers - usually plain compute and storage - and forgoing the managed databases, queues and serverless platforms that provide most of the operational saving. The cost is paid continuously in engineering effort against a benefit that may never be realised, so the usual advice is to accept the coupling and abstract only where a move is genuinely foreseeable.
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