Coastal Zone Management Questions and Answers

Answer: A

Correct answer: brings together the sectors, disciplines and levels of government

The integration is institutional and intellectual rather than physical. A coast is used by fishing, ports, tourism, conservation, housing and industry, studied by engineers, ecologists, economists and planners, and administered by local, regional and national bodies. Managing it sector by sector produces decisions that contradict one another, and the integrated approach exists to bring those views into one process.

Answer: B

The first two are correct and describe the approach. The third confuses it with engineering design, whereas it is a framework for deciding what should be done at all. Design follows the decision rather than replacing it.

Answer: C

Both are true and the reason gives the necessity, and a port development affects fisheries and habitat alike. Coordinating the sectors is precisely what the integrated approach sets out to achieve. Sectoral decisions rarely account for one another.

Answer: D

Correct answer: A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

The four levels descend in scale and rise in detail. A shoreline management plan assigns a policy to each frontage across a whole sediment cell. A coastal strategy appraises options in more detail over a sub-cell length. A scheme design is one set of works at one place. A maintenance plan governs the upkeep of what already exists.

Answer: A

Correct answer: sediment cells rather than administrative boundaries

Sediment moves along the coast within cells bounded by headlands or other natural barriers, and what is done at one point affects the frontage downdrift within the same cell. Planning by council boundary would cut across those links and allow one authority to solve its problem at another’s expense, which is precisely what the cell-based approach exists to prevent.

Answer: B

Both are true and the reason gives the mismatch, and a defence in one district affects the next. Joint working across authorities is therefore built into the planning framework. Neighbouring authorities share the same sediment cell.

Answer: C

The epochs typically cover the next twenty, fifty and hundred years. Assigning a different policy in a later epoch signals that the present approach is not sustainable indefinitely. Twenty, fifty and hundred years are the usual epochs.

Answer: D

Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Both are true and the reason gives the mechanism. A shoreline management plan sets policy for three epochs - roughly the next twenty years, the following thirty and the fifty beyond - and a defence that is affordable and effective today may become neither as sea level rises and the cost of maintaining the line grows. Stating the change in advance is more honest, and gives everyone affected decades of notice.

Answer: A

Correct answer: 1 and 2 only

Statements 1 and 2 are the purpose of the epoch structure: policy can change over the life of the plan, and saying so in advance gives those affected time to adjust. Statement 3 is the opposite of the intent - the structure exists precisely so that the authority is not committed to one policy for a century, since neither the coast nor the funding will stay as they are.

Answer: B

Correct answer: no public money will be spent maintaining a defence there

It is a statement about public expenditure, not a prediction and not a prohibition. The authority has concluded that the assets at risk do not justify the cost of defending them, so it will not fund works there; a private owner may still defend at their own expense and with the necessary consents. The authority has a very clear view about that coast, which is why the policy was chosen.