Which switching technology reduces the size of a broadcast domain?
Answer: C
Correct answer: VLANs
A VLAN is a broadcast domain, so dividing a switch into several VLANs divides its broadcast domain into several smaller ones. ISL and 802.1Q are the tagging methods that let those VLANs cross a trunk, and STP prevents loops - none of the three creates the domains, they only serve them.
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You want to improve network performance by increasing the bandwidth available to hosts and limit the size of the broadcast domains. Which of the following options will achieve this goal?
Answer: D
Correct answer: Switches configured with VLANs
A switch alone gives each port its own collision domain, which increases the bandwidth available to hosts, but the whole switch remains one broadcast domain. Adding VLANs divides it, so the configuration achieves both halves of the requirement. Hubs share bandwidth among all ports, and a bridge does little for either objective at modern port counts.
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Which command will configure a switch port to use the IEEE standard method of inserting VLAN membership information into Ethernet frames?
Answer: E
If you are on a 2950 switch, then the interface command is just switchport mode trunk, since the 2950 can only run the IEEE 802.1Q version. However, a 3550 can run both ISL and 802.1Q, so you must use the encapsulation command. The argument to choose 802.1Q for a trunking protocol is dot1q.
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Which of the following is true regarding VLANs?
Answer: D
Correct answer: VTP is used to send VLAN information to switches in a configured VTP domain.
That is precisely what the VLAN Trunking Protocol does: a VLAN created on a server propagates to every switch sharing the domain name, so it need not be typed on each. The other three are inventions - a switched network needs only VLAN 1, VTP has nothing to do with which switch is fastest, and there is no ten-switch limit on a domain.
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Which of the following protocols are used to configure trunking on a switch?
1.VLAN Trunk Protocol
2.VLAN
3.802.1Q
4.ISL
Answer: C
Correct answer: 3 and 4
802.1Q and ISL are the trunking protocols: 802.1Q is the IEEE standard, inserting a four-byte tag into the frame, and ISL is the older Cisco proprietary method that encapsulates the whole frame. VTP is not a trunking protocol - it runs *over* a trunk to distribute VLAN information - and VLAN is not a protocol at all.
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Which protocol reduces administrative overhead in a switched network by allowing the configuration of a new VLAN to be distributed to all the switches in a domain?
Answer: B
Correct answer: VTP
VTP exists to remove exactly that overhead: create, rename or delete a VLAN once on a server and the change is advertised to every switch in the domain. STP prevents loops, DHCP assigns host addresses, and ISL is a trunk encapsulation - none of them distributes VLAN definitions.
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Which of the following provide inter-switch VLAN communication?
1.ISL
2.VTP
3.802.1Q
4.802.3Z
Answer: B
Correct answer: 1 and 3
ISL and 802.1Q are the two trunk encapsulations, and each tags a frame so that the receiving switch knows which VLAN it belongs to - that tagging is what allows one physical link to carry traffic for many VLANs. VTP distributes VLAN definitions rather than carrying traffic, and 802.3z is Gigabit Ethernet over fibre.
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Which of the following modes are valid when a switch port is used as a VLAN trunk?
1.Blocking
2.Dynamic auto
3.Dynamic desirable
4.Nonegotiate
5.Access
6.Learning
Answer: B
Correct answer: 2, 3 and 4
Dynamic auto, dynamic desirable and nonegotiate are all valid trunk-related modes: auto trunks only if asked, desirable actively asks, and nonegotiate forces trunking with no DTP frames sent. Blocking and learning are spanning tree port states, not switchport modes, and access is the opposite of trunking - a port in a single VLAN.
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You connect a host to a switch port, but the new host cannot log into the server that is plugged into the same switch. What could the problem be?
Answer: D
Correct answer: The switch port the host is connected to is not configured to the correct VLAN membership.
Two devices on the same switch but in different VLANs are in different broadcast domains and cannot reach each other without routing. That is the likely fault, and it is checked with show vlan brief. A router would only be needed if the two were meant to be in different VLANs, VTP concerns VLAN definitions rather than port membership, and an invalid MAC address is not a real condition.
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What VTP mode allows you to change VLAN information on the switch?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Server
A VTP server can create, modify and delete VLANs and advertises the changes to the domain. A client accepts advertisements and refuses local changes outright. Transparent mode is the case worth understanding: such a switch keeps its own local VLAN database and forwards advertisements without acting on them, so changes made there stay on that switch and are never propagated.
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