Fundamental Duties Questions and Answers

Answer: B

The duty was inserted by the 86th Amendment.

The Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 added clause (k) to Article 51A: it is the duty of every parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between six and fourteen years of age. The same amendment inserted Article 21A, the right to education.

The 42nd Amendment (1976) added the Fundamental Duties themselves, the 44th (1978) dealt with the right to property and emergency powers, and the 74th (1992) with municipalities.

Answer: A

The 86th Amendment added the duty of a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years.

The 86th Amendment Act, 2002 made elementary education a fundamental right under Article 21A, and added a matching duty as Article 51A(k), the eleventh fundamental duty.

The other three duties are among the original ten added by the 42nd Amendment of 1976: developing the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform is 51A(h); protecting the natural environment is 51A(g); and safeguarding public property and abjuring violence is 51A(i).

Answer: D

Article 51A(g) deals with the protection of environment.

The clause makes it a fundamental duty of every citizen to protect and improve the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.

The other options are different clauses of the same Article: respect for the National Flag is in 51A(a), developing the scientific temper in 51A(h), and striving towards excellence in all spheres in 51A(j).

Answer: A

The words 'to abide and respect' concern the Constitution.

The first Fundamental Duty, Article 51A(a), requires every citizen to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.

The other subjects come with other verbs: citizens must uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India (51A(c)), value and preserve the rich heritage of the composite culture (51A(f)), and protect and improve the natural environment (51A(g)).

Answer: A

Only statement 1 is correct.

1. The Fundamental Duties were added as Article 51A by the 42nd Amendment (1976) on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.

2. Paying taxes is not a Fundamental Duty. The Swaran Singh Committee recommended it, but it was not included, and Article 51A contains no duty to believe in socialism, secularism and democracy.

3. The penalty provision, with immunity from challenge in court, was also a Swaran Singh Committee recommendation that Parliament did not adopt; the Constitution contains no such clause. So statements 2 and 3 are false.

Answer: B

It is a Fundamental Duty.

Article 51A(f), inserted by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, makes it the duty of every citizen 'to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture'.

It is not a Directive Principle: the nearest Directive, Article 49, directs the State to protect monuments and places of national importance. Fundamental Rights in Part III are enforceable claims against the State, and 'constitutional right' describes rights outside Part III; neither is a duty laid on citizens.

Answer: B

Article 51A(h) of the Constitution makes it a fundamental duty to develop the scientific temper, so the article named is 51 A, option B.

Article 35A related to Jammu and Kashmir, Article 32 is the right to constitutional remedies, and there is no Article 14A.

Article 51A was inserted by the 42nd Amendment in 1976 and lists eleven fundamental duties, among them the duty to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry in clause (h). Article 35A was the provision giving special rights to the permanent residents of Jammu and Kashmir, and Article 32 provides the right to move the Supreme Court.

Answer: D

Statements (i) and (iv) are incorrect: paying taxes and casting the vote are civic obligations, but they are not listed as fundamental duties in Article 51A.

Safeguarding public property and preserving the rich heritage of the country are listed, so options naming (ii) or (iii) as incorrect are wrong.

Article 51A lists duties such as respecting the Constitution and the national flag, protecting public property and preserving the rich heritage of composite culture. Paying taxes and voting are legal or civic obligations, not listed as fundamental duties, so the statements (i) and (iv) are the incorrect ones.

Answer: B

The key accepts both [A] and [R] as true with [R] explaining [A]. Article 51-A lists fundamental duties of citizens and does not expressly cast any duty on the state, and the reason adds that citizens' duties are collectively a duty to the state, which the key treats as the explanation.

Options calling either statement false are against the key, and (D), which denies the explanation, is not the key. The matter is partly one of interpretation, so the answer follows the commission's key.

Answer: A

The one that is not a Fundamental Duty is to vote in public elections.

Voting is a constitutional and legal right, not one of the Fundamental Duties listed in Article 51A, which was added by the 42nd Amendment (1976).

The other three are in Article 51A: to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions (51A(a)), to safeguard public property and abjure violence (51A(i)), and to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform (51A(h)).