Farm Machinery and Equipment Questions and Answers

Answer: D

The power available at the drawbar of a tractor is the drawbar horsepower (DBHP).

Power in a tractor is measured at several points. Indicated horsepower (IHP) is developed inside the cylinder; brake horsepower (BHP) is delivered at the crankshaft or flywheel after engine friction; power take-off (PTO) power is available at the PTO shaft; and drawbar horsepower is what remains at the drawbar to pull an implement, after transmission losses, wheel slip and rolling resistance.

FHP, friction horsepower, is the power lost in engine friction (IHP − BHP), not a power delivered anywhere. So IHP, BHP and FHP do not describe the drawbar.

Answer: B

The power available at the flywheel is the brake horsepower (BHP).

Brake horsepower is the useful power delivered by the engine at its crankshaft or flywheel, after the engine's internal friction has been overcome. It is called 'brake' power because it was traditionally measured by loading the flywheel with a brake (dynamometer).

Indicated horsepower is developed by the gases in the cylinder, before friction. Friction horsepower is the difference IHP − BHP. Drawbar horsepower is measured at the drawbar after transmission and traction losses. So BHP is the only one that belongs to the flywheel.

Answer: A

The key's answer is Solar energy.

Solar energy is available only in daylight and varies with the hour, the season and cloud cover, so it is described as a time-dependent resource; storage or backup is needed to use it round the clock. At the same time it is abundant, especially in a state like Rajasthan, and can replace diesel and coal for heating, drying, pumping and power, which gives it a large potential to reduce dependence on conventional fuels.

Wind and tidal energy also vary with time, but over smaller and more site-specific areas. Biomass can be stored and used when needed, so it is not time-dependent in the same way.

Answer: C

The most widely used renewable is Hydro-electricity.

Hydropower has long generated more electricity worldwide than any other renewable source. It is a mature technology, with large dams supplying steady, controllable power, and its share of renewable generation remains the largest of any single source.

Solar and wind power are growing rapidly but started from a much smaller base. Geothermal energy is limited to a few volcanic or tectonically active regions.

Answer: D

They are Renewable, non-conventional energy resources.

Solar, wind, tidal, geothermal and biomass energy are renewed continually by natural processes, so they are renewable. In Indian usage they are also called non-conventional (or new and renewable) sources, in contrast with conventional sources such as coal, oil, natural gas and fuelwood, which have long been used on a large scale.

Large hydropower is often counted as conventional, but the group as a whole is the textbook list of renewable non-conventional sources, which rules out the options calling them non-renewable or conventional.

Answer: C

The correct sequence is Hydrolysis → Acidification → Methanogenesis.

In anaerobic digestion, bacteria first hydrolyse complex organic matter (carbohydrates, proteins and fats) into simple soluble compounds. Acid-forming bacteria then ferment these into volatile fatty acids, acetic acid, hydrogen and carbon dioxide (acidification, also split into acidogenesis and acetogenesis). Finally methanogenic archaea convert acetate, hydrogen and carbon dioxide into methane.

Methanogens can only use the simple products of the earlier stages, so any order that puts methanogenesis before hydrolysis or acidification is wrong.