Global Justice Questions and Answers

Answer: C

A Theory of Justice (1971) was written by the American political philosopher John Rawls, who argues for justice as fairness, built on the original position and the veil of ignorance and on two principles of justice.

Aristotle wrote on justice in the Nicomachean Ethics and the Politics, Immanuel Kant wrote on moral and legal philosophy such as the Critique of Practical Reason, and Dadabhai Naoroji was an Indian nationalist known for the drain of wealth theory. None of them wrote this book.

Answer: D

For Nagel, people are in a justice relationship only if they belong to the same state.

In 'The Problem of Global Justice' (2005), Thomas Nagel argues that the demands of socioeconomic justice arise only among people who live together under a common sovereign authority, which coerces them and acts in their name. Outside a shared state there are humanitarian duties, but not obligations of justice in this full sense. This is his 'political conception' of justice, opposed to cosmopolitan views.

The other options do not describe his claim: natural, human and contractual relationships exist across state boundaries.

Answer: A

The paper's key is Julius.

Nagel's claim, in his article 'The Problem of Global Justice' (2005), is that the demands of distributive justice apply only among people who share a state. A. J. Julius answered it directly in 'Nagel's Atlas' (Philosophy & Public Affairs, 2006). Hobbes died in 1679 and Rawls in 2002, so neither can have called Nagel's 2005 claim empirical political sociology.

I could not trace the quoted phrase to a particular author, so I could not tell Julius from Cohen by the wording itself; the answer rests on the key and on Julius being the critic who engaged Nagel on this claim.

Answer: C

The view is Thomas Nagel's.

In his essay 'The Problem of Global Justice' (2005), Nagel argued that demands of justice arise only among people who share a sovereign state that coerces them and acts in their name. Since there is no world sovereign, he concluded that there are no globally binding standards of justice, only weaker humanitarian duties. This is the political conception of justice that cosmopolitan writers have answered.

Hobbes said justice depends on a sovereign but wrote of states, not of global justice debates. Rawls extended his theory to the society of peoples in The Law of Peoples, and Julius Stone wrote on justice in a sociological jurisprudence; neither denies global standards in Nagel's terms.