______ is a small intestine malabsorption disorder resulting from sensitivity to 'gliadin'.
RSMSSB - 2025, Rajasthan ANM - 2025,
Answer: A
The disorder is celiac sprue (coeliac disease).
In celiac disease the body reacts to gliadin, a part of the gluten protein in wheat, barley and rye. The immune reaction damages and flattens the villi of the small intestine, so nutrients are poorly absorbed, causing diarrhoea, weight loss and anaemia. Treatment is a lifelong gluten-free diet.
Tropical sprue also causes malabsorption, but it occurs in tropical regions, is thought to follow infection, and responds to antibiotics and folic acid, not to removing gluten. Short bowel syndrome follows loss of intestine, usually by surgery. IBD (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) is chronic inflammation not caused by gliadin.
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