Based on the fulfilment or violation of the equality and inequality constraints, the system states can be classified into ______ categories.
DSSSB AE - 2023,
Answer: C
In power system security analysis, the system states are classified by whether the equality constraints (load balance) and the inequality constraints (limits on voltages, currents and so on) are satisfied or violated. The classical classification of Dy Liacco has five states: normal (secure), alert (normal but insecure), emergency (an inequality constraint is violated), in extremis (both kinds of constraint are violated) and restorative (the equality constraint is violated but the inequality ones are met).
So there are five categories, option C.
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