Village P is 20 km west of village Q, and village R is 15 km north of Q. What is the shortest distance between P and R ?
Answer: C
Correct answer: 25 km
P and R lie at the ends of two perpendicular arms meeting at Q, so the direct distance is the hypotenuse.
\[d = \sqrt{20^2 + 15^2} = \sqrt{400 + 225} = \sqrt{625} = 25 \text{ km}\]
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