Assertion and Reason Questions and Answers

Answer: C

Correct answer: A is true but R is false

Kerosene poured on stagnant water does check malaria, so A is true. But it works mechanically: the thin film spreads over the surface and prevents the mosquito larvae from reaching air through their breathing tubes, so they suffocate. It is not acting as a poison. R is false.

Answer: D

Correct answer: R correctly explains A

Seals from Harappa and Mohenjo-daro have been found at Ur and other Mesopotamian sites, and Lothal has what is taken for a dockyard. Trade across the sea is evidence that the Indus people could navigate, so R correctly explains A.

Answer: A

Correct answer: R correctly explains A

The Himalayan rivers rise in glaciers and snowfields that melt through the summer, so they keep flowing even when the monsoon fails. Peninsular rivers, fed only by rain, run dry. R correctly explains A.

Answer: A

The answer is Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

The Assertion is true: Earth is the only planet on which life is known to exist. The Reason is also true: Earth's atmosphere is a mixture of gases, mainly nitrogen and oxygen with argon, carbon dioxide and others.

But having an atmosphere that is a mixture of gases does not explain why Earth has life. Venus and Mars also have atmospheres of mixed gases and no known life. Life depends on a combination of factors, such as liquid water, a suitable temperature range, free oxygen and protection from radiation. So the Reason does not explain the Assertion.

Answer: C

The key treats A as true and R as false. The assertion is a settled feature of the Constitution: the judiciary is independent of the executive, with security of tenure for judges and separation of the appointment and removal procedures from ordinary executive control. The reason says the judiciary has no interference in the affairs of the state and cannot be influenced by the government. The key counts this as false, because the courts do review the actions of the state and the government and can strike them down, and because the executive has a part in appointments. The wording of R is loose, so the question depends on the key. The options that call R true, or A false, do not agree with it.

Answer: C

R is true but A is false. India became independent on 15 August 1947, not on 26 January, so the assertion is false. The Republic Day, on which the Constitution came into force, is celebrated on 26 January (since 1950), so the reason is a true statement even though it does not support the assertion. So 'R is true but A is false' is correct. The options saying both are true are wrong because A is false, and the option saying both are false is wrong because R is true.

Answer: B

Both statements are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion. Silver has the highest electrical conductivity of all metals, so A is true. Wood is an electrical insulator, so R is true. But conductivity of silver depends on its free electrons and metallic bonding. That wood is an insulator says nothing about why silver conducts so well, so R is not the explanation of A.

Options 1, 3 and 4 each treat one statement as false or the link as valid, which is wrong.

Answer: B

The correct option is (A) is false but (R) is true.

The Assertion is false because 2 is a prime number and it is even. All other primes are odd, but 'all prime numbers are odd' has this one exception.

The Reason states the definition of a prime: a number greater than 1 whose only divisors are 1 and itself. That is true. Since the Assertion is false, the options calling both true are wrong, and since the Reason is true, 'Both false' is wrong.