Computer Internet Questions and Answers

Answer: C

Correct answer: https

A URL breaks into recognisable parts, and https before the colon is the scheme or protocol - it says how the resource is to be fetched. The rest divides as follows. www is a subdomain, a conventional but entirely optional label. example.com is the domain name, of which .com is the top-level domain. /page.html is the path to the resource on that server. A URL may also carry a port after a colon, a query string after a question mark, and a fragment after a hash - the fragment being handled by the browser alone and never sent to the server. Other schemes exist besides http and https: ftp for file transfer, mailto for an email address, and file for a local file. URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator.

Answer: A

Correct answer: World wide web

WWW stands for the World Wide Web - the system of linked hypertext documents carried over the internet, which is the network beneath it.

Answer: B

Correct answer: A small piece of data a website stores in the browser

A cookie is a small piece of data a site asks the browser to store and to send back with every subsequent request to that site. It exists because HTTP is stateless: the server remembers nothing between requests, so a cookie is what allows it to recognise a returning visitor. That is how a login persists, how a shopping basket survives navigation, and how preferences are remembered. They are classified in useful ways. A session cookie lasts until the browser closes; a persistent one has an expiry date. A first-party cookie belongs to the site being visited; a third-party cookie belongs to another domain embedded in the page, which is what allows advertisers to track a user across sites - and what privacy regulation such as the GDPR addresses. A cookie is inert data, not a program, so it cannot itself be a virus.

Answer: C

Correct answer: 128 bits

An IPv6 address is 128 bits, four times the 32 bits of IPv4, which gives \( 2^{128} \) addresses and removes the exhaustion problem that forced the change.

Answer: D

Correct answer: Modem

A LAN needs interface cards, cabling and computers. A modem is for reaching across a telephone line to somewhere else, which is a wide-area connection rather than part of the local network.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Hit

Each matching page a search engine returns is a hit. A link is what a page contains and a blog is a kind of site.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Modem

A telephone line carries an analogue signal, so a modem is needed to convert the computer's digital data for transmission and back again on arrival.

Answer: D

Correct answer: A reference in a document that takes the reader to another location when activated

A hyperlink is a reference within a document that, when activated, takes the reader to another document or to another point in the same one. Links are what make the Web a web rather than a collection of separate documents. The idea long predates the Web. Vannevar Bush described an associative machine in 1945, and Ted Nelson coined the word hypertext in the 1960s; Tim Berners-Lee’s contribution was to combine hypertext with a network protocol and a naming scheme. In HTML a link is an anchor element carrying an href attribute giving the destination URL, and the text between the tags is what the reader sees and clicks. Links are also what search engines use to discover pages, since a crawler works by following them - and Google’s original PageRank algorithm judged a page’s importance by how many pages linked to it, treating each link as a kind of vote.

Answer: A

Correct answer: LAN

A minicomputer serving a single site's users is acting as a server on a local area network. PROM is a memory device and does not belong in the list at all.

Answer: D

Correct answer: all of the mentioned

WiMAX adapts its modulation to the quality of the link, using BPSK when conditions are poor, then QPSK, and QAM when they are good enough to carry more bits per symbol. All three are therefore part of the standard.