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Environmental Issues and Pollutants Questions and Answers

31.

The primary source of organic pollution in fresh water bodies is

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: C

The primary source of organic pollution in fresh water bodies is sewage effluents. Domestic sewage carries a large load of biodegradable organic matter, which bacteria decompose using dissolved oxygen and so raise the biochemical oxygen demand.

Run-off from urban areas and from farms carries mainly silt, nutrients and chemicals, and industrial effluents carry mainly toxic and inorganic pollutants. Sewage is the main organic source of the four.

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32.

Which one of the following green house gases has the shortest residence time in the atmosphere ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: C

Methane has the shortest residence time of the four gases, about 12 years in the atmosphere. It is removed mainly by reaction with hydroxyl radicals.

Chlorofluorocarbons stay for many decades to over a hundred years, nitrous oxide for about 114 years, and carbon dioxide persists for centuries because its removal by the oceans and biosphere is slow. So methane is the shortest-lived greenhouse gas listed. The residence time decides how long a gas keeps warming the planet, so shorter-lived gases respond faster to cuts.

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