Nursery Techniques in Forestry Questions and Answers

Answer: D

The fungus that does not cause damping off is Aspergillus.

Damping off kills seedlings in nurseries by rotting the stem at soil level or the seed before it emerges. It is caused mainly by soil-borne fungi and fungus-like organisms such as Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora and Fusarium.

Aspergillus is a common mould known for food spoilage and aflatoxins, not for damping off of nursery seedlings.

Answer: B

On the key, trench layering is used for fruit trees.

In trench layering, a young plant is laid flat in a shallow trench and its shoots are covered with soil as they grow, so that each shoot forms roots and can be separated as a new plant. The method is used mainly to multiply clonal rootstocks and plants of fruit trees such as apple, quince, cherry and plum, which root poorly from cuttings.

Flowering and decorative trees are usually propagated by other means, such as cuttings, simple layering, grafting or seed, so the key does not accept those options or 'All of the above'.

Answer: B

Inarching is a grafting method.

Inarching, or approach grafting, joins two plants while both are still growing on their own roots: the stems are cut, bound together and allowed to unite, and the scion is then cut from its parent. It is used for mango and for repairing damaged trees.

Budding inserts a single bud, layering roots a stem while still attached to the parent, and pruning is the removal of plant parts. None of them is inarching.