Silvicultural Systems Questions and Answers

Answer: C

The key gives the Indian irregular shelterwood system.

Deodar (Cedrus deodara) forests of the western Himalaya grow as uneven-aged stands with patches of different ages, and silviculture texts name the Indian irregular shelterwood system as the one suited to them; it works with a long regeneration period and group felling over uneven-aged forest.

Clear felling would be unsuitable on steep slopes because of erosion and poor deodar regeneration, and a regular shelterwood system needs even-aged stands. Web searches did not confirm the system in these words (they only showed regeneration problems in deodar forests), so this rests on standard silviculture texts, which I could not check, and on the key.

Answer: A

A forest regenerated from seed is a high forest.

In silviculture, a high forest is one raised from seed, naturally or by planting, and it typically grows tall and is worked on long rotations for timber. A coppice forest is regenerated from stool shoots or root suckers after felling, and is worked on short rotations for fuel and small wood.

Private and protected forests are legal or ownership categories, not modes of regeneration.

Answer: D

A high forest is a forest of seed origin.

In silviculture, a high forest is one raised from seed, either naturally or by planting, as opposed to a coppice forest, which regenerates from shoots of cut stumps. Trees of seed origin generally grow taller and live longer, which is where the name comes from.

The term does not refer to altitude, to the climax stage of succession, or simply to tall trees; it is defined by the mode of regeneration.