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Geographic Thought Questions and Answers

131.

"Time-space compression" is a spatial concept given by

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The concept of time-space compression was given by David Harvey, in The Condition of Postmodernity. It means that with advances in transport and communication, distances seem to shrink and the pace of life speeds up. Doreen Massey criticised and refined the idea through her notion of power geometry, Daniel Bell is known for the post-industrial society, and Edward Soja for the third space. Option B is correct.

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132.

In ancient geography, the concept of region was first postulated by whom ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

The concept of the region in ancient geography is credited in the key to Strabo, the Greek geographer whose Geographia describes the world region by region, with the lands of each region and its peoples treated in turn, in what is called the chorographic tradition. Homer and Herodotus described places and peoples but are not credited with the concept of the region, and Ptolemy is known for his mathematical geography and his maps. Option C is the keyed answer.

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133.

Who among the following did not support the concept of environmental determinism ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

None of the three scholars rejected environmental determinism. Friedrich Ratzel, Ellen Semple, Ellsworth Huntington and W.M. Davis all argued in different ways that the physical environment controls human activity, and Davis's view of geography as the study of the relation of the earth's physical features to life belongs to this line of thought.

So Ratzel, Davis and Huntington all supported it, and the correct choice is 'None of these'.

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134.

Match the following and find the correct answer from the code :

List - IList - II
(a) Probabilism(i) Von Humboldt
(b) Stop-and-go determinism(ii) Carl Ritter
(c) Systematic Geography(iii) Griffith Taylor
(d) Regional Geography(iv) O.H.K Spate

Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

The correct matches are probabilism with O.H.K. Spate, stop-and-go determinism with Griffith Taylor, systematic geography with Humboldt and regional geography with Carl Ritter, which is the code (iv) (iii) (i) (ii). Spate used the term probabilism for the view that the environment makes some choices more likely than others. Griffith Taylor called his view stop-and-go determinism. Humboldt is linked with the systematic approach and Ritter with the regional approach.

The other codes swap the pairs.

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135.

Who wrote the book Airs, Water and Places ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

Hippocrates wrote Airs, Waters and Places, a Greek medical work which explains differences in the health and character of peoples by the climate, winds, water and site of their cities. Geographers regard it as an early statement of environmental influence.

Anaximander, Eratosthenes and Hecataeus were Greek thinkers and geographers, but they are not the authors of this book.

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136.

Geographia in 17 volumes was written by

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

Geographia in 17 volumes (books) was written by Strabo, the Greek geographer of the first century BC and AD. It describes the known world of his time, region by region, and is a main source on ancient geography.

Ptolemy also wrote a Geographia, but it has eight books and is known for maps and the system of coordinates. Ritter wrote Die Erdkunde, and Miletus is a city, the home of early Greek thinkers, and not an author.

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137.

Pred criticized location theory on following grounds :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

Pred criticised location theory on three grounds, logical inconsistency, motives and capacity. He argued that classical theory assumes an optimising economic man, which conflicts with its own logic, that it ignores the varied motives of decision makers, and that it takes no account of the differing capacity of people to use information.

The options with only two of the grounds are incomplete, so the one that lists all three is right.

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138.

Who for the first time emphasized the importance of mental map of environment in decision-making process ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

Lynch is the one who emphasised the importance of the mental map of the environment in decision making, in his book The Image of the City (1960). He showed how people form images of paths, edges, districts, nodes and landmarks, and use them to move about the city.

Wooldridge, Downs and Gould wrote on other topics or later work on mental maps, so the key gives Lynch.

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139.

Which of the following is not true about welfare geography ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

The statement that is not true about welfare geography is that it seeks to change the present economic and political set up, option D. Welfare geography studies the question of who gets what, where and how, and is concerned with the spatial distribution of poverty, resources and civic amenities, and it belongs to the reaction against positivism, as the other three statements say. It does not itself aim to change the system, which is the aim of radical geography, so option D is the one that is not true.

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140.

Who of the following can be considered as an opponent of quantitative revolution ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

The key takes option A: Stamp is the one who can be considered as an opponent of the quantitative revolution. Chorley, Haggett and Hagerstrand are among the leaders of the new quantitative and theoretical approach that changed geography in the 1960s, and L.D. Stamp is the traditional, applied geographer who stood outside of it. So the answer is Stamp. The other options name places, people or terms that the subject does not connect with this question, so only the keyed option stands.

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