Oceanography Questions and Answers

Q: Where does the El Niño current flow?

El Niño is in the Pacific Ocean.El Niño is the periodic warming of the surface waters of the central and eastern tropical Pacific, off the coast of Peru and Ecuador, when the usual cold Peru current weakens. It affects weather worldwide and often weakens the Indian monsoon.The Indian Ocean has its own pattern, the Indian Ocean Dipole, and the Bay of Bengal is part of the Indian Ocean; El Niño itself is a Pacific phenomenon.

Q: Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current because it ________.

The Gulf Stream is warm because it originates near the equator.Ocean currents take on the temperature of the region they start from. Currents that originate near the equator, where the water is heated by the sun, are warm and carry that warmth towards the poles; the Gulf Stream flows from the Gulf of Mexico across the Atlantic towards north-western Europe.Currents moving from the poles towards the equator are cold currents, the opposite case. Ocean currents are not heated from underground or by hot springs.

Q: What do we call the streams of water flowing constantly on the ocean surface in definite directions ?

They are called currents.Ocean currents are streams of water flowing constantly on the ocean surface in definite directions. They may be warm, like the Gulf Stream, or cold, like the Labrador Current, and they influence the climate of the coasts they pass.The other options are different movements. Tides are the rhythmic rise and fall of sea level, caused mainly by the Moon's pull. Waves are the up-and-down movement of surface water, mostly raised by wind, and do not carry water steadily in one direction. A tsunami is a huge wave set off by an undersea earthquake or similar disturbance.

Q: Which of the following statements about ocean currents is/are correct ?A. The cold currents carry water from polar or higher latitudes to tropical or lower latitudes.B. Labrador is a warm current.C. Areas where warm and cold currents meet provide world's best fishing grounds.

A and C are correct.A is true: cold currents carry water from the polar or higher latitudes towards the tropical or lower latitudes, as the Labrador and Humboldt currents do. C is true: where warm and cold currents meet, as off Newfoundland and around Japan, plankton flourishes, and these areas are among the world's best fishing grounds.B is false: the Labrador Current is a cold current, flowing south from the Arctic along the coast of Canada. So any option including B is wrong, and 'Only A' leaves out C.

Q: Swimmers can float in Dead sea because :

Swimmers float in the Dead Sea because the increased salt content makes the sea dense.The Dead Sea has a salinity of about 340 grams per litre, nearly ten times that of the open ocean. The dissolved salt makes the water so dense that the upward buoyant force on a person's body is greater than in ordinary water, so swimmers float easily.Wind speed, ocean currents and tides have nothing to do with buoyancy; and the Dead Sea is a landlocked salt lake with no ocean currents or appreciable tides at all.

Q: Read the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and choose the correct option.Assertion (A) : People can easily float on the surface of water of Dead Sea even if they do not know to swim.Reason (R) : Dead Sea has 300 gm of salt in one litre of water making it, the sea having highest salt concentration.

Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) explains (A).The Dead Sea is so salty, about 300 g of salt in every litre as the EVS textbook puts it, that its water is much denser than ordinary water. Denser water pushes up harder on a body, so people float easily even without swimming.The very high salt content is the cause of the easy floating, so the Reason explains the Assertion. (The Dead Sea is among the saltiest bodies of water in the world, though a few small lakes are saltier still.)

Q: Arrange the following from South to North :1. Arctic Ocean2. Gulf of Mexico3. Hudson Bay4. Baffin Bay

From south to north the order is 2, 3, 4, 1: Gulf of Mexico, Hudson Bay, Baffin Bay, Arctic Ocean.The Gulf of Mexico lies at roughly 20 to 30 degrees North. Hudson Bay cuts into central Canada at about 51 to 63 degrees North. Baffin Bay lies between Baffin Island and Greenland at about 70 to 78 degrees North and opens into the Arctic Ocean, which surrounds the pole.Any option starting with the Arctic Ocean has the sequence upside down, and 2, 4, 1, 3 puts Baffin Bay south of Hudson Bay.

Q: In which of the following parts of India 'Atolls' are commonly found ?

Atolls in India are found Near Lakshadweep.An atoll is a ring-shaped coral reef enclosing a lagoon. The Lakshadweep islands in the Arabian Sea are almost all coral atolls and reefs, built on the Laccadive-Chagos ridge.The coast near Rameshwaram has fringing coral reefs in the Gulf of Mannar but not atolls. The Sundarbans are a mangrove delta, and the Gulf of Khambhat is a shallow tidal inlet with mudflats, where corals of that kind do not grow.

Q: The irregularities on the beds of the ocean which lies submerged beneath the surface of water are known as

They are known as submarine relief.The ocean floor has its own relief features, hidden beneath the water: the continental shelf, continental slope, deep-sea plains, ridges, trenches, seamounts and canyons. Together these irregularities of the ocean bed are called submarine (or ocean floor) relief.The abyssal floor, continental slope and continental shelf are each only one of these features, not the general name for all of them.

Q: Arrange the following steps in the process of coral bleaching.1. Corals expel their symbiotic algae.2. Increased water temperature.3. Corals loose their colour and become stressed.4. Reduced photosynthetic activity.

The sequence is 2, 1, 4, 3.Water temperature rises above the corals' tolerance (2).Stressed, the corals expel the symbiotic algae, zooxanthellae, that live in their tissues (1).With the algae gone, photosynthesis falls, and so does the food it supplies (4).The corals lose their colour, the white skeleton showing through, and are left starved and stressed (3).The trigger has to come first, which rules out options starting with expulsion or reduced photosynthesis. The loss of colour is the visible end result, which is why it comes last.

Where does the El Niño current flow?

A.The Pacific Ocean
B.The Indian Ocean
C.The Bay of Bengal
D.More than one of the above

Exam Year(s)

BPSC Exam - 2023, BPSC CDPO - 2023,

Answer: A

El Niño is in the Pacific Ocean.

El Niño is the periodic warming of the surface waters of the central and eastern tropical Pacific, off the coast of Peru and Ecuador, when the usual cold Peru current weakens. It affects weather worldwide and often weakens the Indian monsoon.

The Indian Ocean has its own pattern, the Indian Ocean Dipole, and the Bay of Bengal is part of the Indian Ocean; El Niño itself is a Pacific phenomenon.

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Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current because it ________.

A.moves from poles to equator
B.gets heated from underground
C.gets heated by hot springs
D.originates near the equator

Exam Year(s)

CTET - 2023,

Answer: D

The Gulf Stream is warm because it originates near the equator.

Ocean currents take on the temperature of the region they start from. Currents that originate near the equator, where the water is heated by the sun, are warm and carry that warmth towards the poles; the Gulf Stream flows from the Gulf of Mexico across the Atlantic towards north-western Europe.

Currents moving from the poles towards the equator are cold currents, the opposite case. Ocean currents are not heated from underground or by hot springs.

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What do we call the streams of water flowing constantly on the ocean surface in definite directions ?

A.Tides
B.Currents
C.Tsunami
D.Waves

Exam Year(s)

CTET - 2026,

Answer: B

They are called currents.

Ocean currents are streams of water flowing constantly on the ocean surface in definite directions. They may be warm, like the Gulf Stream, or cold, like the Labrador Current, and they influence the climate of the coasts they pass.

The other options are different movements. Tides are the rhythmic rise and fall of sea level, caused mainly by the Moon's pull. Waves are the up-and-down movement of surface water, mostly raised by wind, and do not carry water steadily in one direction. A tsunami is a huge wave set off by an undersea earthquake or similar disturbance.

Discuss in Forum

Which of the following statements about ocean currents is/are correct ?

A. The cold currents carry water from polar or higher latitudes to tropical or lower latitudes.
B. Labrador is a warm current.
C. Areas where warm and cold currents meet provide world's best fishing grounds.

A.A and B are correct.
B.A and C are correct.
C.B and C are correct.
D.Only A is correct.

Exam Year(s)

CTET - 2019,

Answer: B

A and C are correct.

A is true: cold currents carry water from the polar or higher latitudes towards the tropical or lower latitudes, as the Labrador and Humboldt currents do. C is true: where warm and cold currents meet, as off Newfoundland and around Japan, plankton flourishes, and these areas are among the world's best fishing grounds.

B is false: the Labrador Current is a cold current, flowing south from the Arctic along the coast of Canada. So any option including B is wrong, and 'Only A' leaves out C.

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Swimmers can float in Dead sea because :

A.Winds blow at a very high speed over the surface of sea water.
B.More warm currents than cold currents originate in the sea.
C.The sea experiences more high tides than low tides.
D.The increased salt content makes the sea dense.

Exam Year(s)

CTET - 2019,

Answer: D

Swimmers float in the Dead Sea because the increased salt content makes the sea dense.

The Dead Sea has a salinity of about 340 grams per litre, nearly ten times that of the open ocean. The dissolved salt makes the water so dense that the upward buoyant force on a person's body is greater than in ordinary water, so swimmers float easily.

Wind speed, ocean currents and tides have nothing to do with buoyancy; and the Dead Sea is a landlocked salt lake with no ocean currents or appreciable tides at all.

Discuss in Forum

Read the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and choose the correct option.

Assertion (A) : People can easily float on the surface of water of Dead Sea even if they do not know to swim.
Reason (R) : Dead Sea has 300 gm of salt in one litre of water making it, the sea having highest salt concentration.

A.Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).
B.Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) dose not explain (A).
C.(A) is true but (R) is false.
D.(A) is false but (R) is true.

Exam Year(s)

CTET - 2024,

Answer: A

Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) explains (A).

The Dead Sea is so salty, about 300 g of salt in every litre as the EVS textbook puts it, that its water is much denser than ordinary water. Denser water pushes up harder on a body, so people float easily even without swimming.

The very high salt content is the cause of the easy floating, so the Reason explains the Assertion. (The Dead Sea is among the saltiest bodies of water in the world, though a few small lakes are saltier still.)

Discuss in Forum

Arrange the following from South to North :

1. Arctic Ocean
2. Gulf of Mexico
3. Hudson Bay
4. Baffin Bay

A.1, 2, 3, 4
B.2, 4, 1, 3
C.1, 3, 2, 4
D.2, 3, 4, 1

Exam Year(s)

HPPSC HPAS - 2021,

Answer: D

From south to north the order is 2, 3, 4, 1: Gulf of Mexico, Hudson Bay, Baffin Bay, Arctic Ocean.

The Gulf of Mexico lies at roughly 20 to 30 degrees North. Hudson Bay cuts into central Canada at about 51 to 63 degrees North. Baffin Bay lies between Baffin Island and Greenland at about 70 to 78 degrees North and opens into the Arctic Ocean, which surrounds the pole.

Any option starting with the Arctic Ocean has the sequence upside down, and 2, 4, 1, 3 puts Baffin Bay south of Hudson Bay.

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In which of the following parts of India 'Atolls' are commonly found ?

A.Near Rameshwaram
B.Near Sunderbans
C.Near Khambhat Gulf
D.Near Lakshadweep

Exam Year(s)

JPSC Civil Services - 2021,

Answer: D

Atolls in India are found Near Lakshadweep.

An atoll is a ring-shaped coral reef enclosing a lagoon. The Lakshadweep islands in the Arabian Sea are almost all coral atolls and reefs, built on the Laccadive-Chagos ridge.

The coast near Rameshwaram has fringing coral reefs in the Gulf of Mannar but not atolls. The Sundarbans are a mangrove delta, and the Gulf of Khambhat is a shallow tidal inlet with mudflats, where corals of that kind do not grow.

Discuss in Forum

The irregularities on the beds of the ocean which lies submerged beneath the surface of water are known as

A.Submarine relief
B.Abyssal floor
C.Continental slope
D.Continental shelf

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: A

They are known as submarine relief.

The ocean floor has its own relief features, hidden beneath the water: the continental shelf, continental slope, deep-sea plains, ridges, trenches, seamounts and canyons. Together these irregularities of the ocean bed are called submarine (or ocean floor) relief.

The abyssal floor, continental slope and continental shelf are each only one of these features, not the general name for all of them.

Discuss in Forum

10.

Arrange the following steps in the process of coral bleaching.

1. Corals expel their symbiotic algae.
2. Increased water temperature.
3. Corals loose their colour and become stressed.
4. Reduced photosynthetic activity.

A.2, 4, 1, 3
B.1, 3, 2, 4
C.2, 1, 4, 3
D.4, 2, 3, 1

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2025,

Answer: C

The sequence is 2, 1, 4, 3.

Water temperature rises above the corals' tolerance (2).
Stressed, the corals expel the symbiotic algae, zooxanthellae, that live in their tissues (1).
With the algae gone, photosynthesis falls, and so does the food it supplies (4).
The corals lose their colour, the white skeleton showing through, and are left starved and stressed (3).

The trigger has to come first, which rules out options starting with expulsion or reduced photosynthesis. The loss of colour is the visible end result, which is why it comes last.

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