Micro Organisms Questions and Answers

Q: Viruses are not considered living because they do not have all of the seven characteristics of living things. Which one of these characteristics do viruses have?

Correct answer: ReproductionOf the seven characteristics of life, a virus shows only reproduction - and even that only inside a host cell, using the host’s machinery. It does not grow, move, feed, respire, excrete or respond to stimuli, which is why viruses sit on the border of the living and the non-living.

Q: Malaria is caused by

Correct answer: ProtozoaMalaria is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan parasite carried by the female Anopheles mosquito. Because the parasite is a eukaryote, antibacterial antibiotics are useless against it and antimalarial drugs are needed.

Q: Which one of the following microorganisms consists of only one cell?

Correct answer: BacteriaBacteria are unicellular: one cell is the whole organism. Bread mould and most fungi are multicellular, and a virus is not a cell at all.

Q: What type of microorganism is yeast which is used in many food preparations?

Correct answer: FungiYeast is a single-celled fungus. It ferments sugars to alcohol and carbon dioxide, which is what makes it useful for both baking and brewing - the same process, with a different product wanted in each case.

Q: Which of the following is not used as a food preservative?

Correct answer: MethaneMethane is a gas and preserves nothing. Salt and sugar preserve by drawing water out of microbial cells osmotically, and vinegar by acidity - all three work by making the food a place where microorganisms cannot grow.

Q: Which of the following is a communicable disease?

Correct answer: Chicken poxA communicable disease is one that spreads from person to person, and chicken pox does so readily - through droplets and through contact with the rash. Diabetes, Alzheimer’s and cancer are not caused by transmissible agents.

Q: The disease caused by protozoa is

Correct answer: malariaMalaria is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan, transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito. Tuberculosis and typhoid are bacterial and polio viral.

Q: Which microorganism causes AIDS?

Correct answer: A virusAIDS is caused by HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus - a retrovirus that infects CD4 helper T cells. Their gradual loss is what leaves the patient open to the opportunistic infections that define the disease.

Q: Alcohol is produced with the help of

Correct answer: yeastYeast ferments sugar to ethanol and carbon dioxide in the absence of air. It is the basis of every alcoholic drink, and the same organism, used aerobically, makes bread rise - the difference being whether the CO2 or the alcohol is the product wanted.

Q: While baking cakes, yeast reproduces rapidly and produces ___ gas.

Correct answer: carbon dioxideYeast ferments the sugars in the batter and releases carbon dioxide, which is trapped as bubbles and makes the cake rise. The alcohol produced alongside it evaporates in the oven.

71.

Viruses are not considered living because they do not have all of the seven characteristics of living things. Which one of these characteristics do viruses have?

A.Growth
B.Movement
C.Nutrition
D.Reproduction

Answer: D

Correct answer: Reproduction

Of the seven characteristics of life, a virus shows only reproduction - and even that only inside a host cell, using the host’s machinery. It does not grow, move, feed, respire, excrete or respond to stimuli, which is why viruses sit on the border of the living and the non-living.

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72.

Malaria is caused by

A.Protozoa
B.Virus
C.Algae
D.Bacteria

Answer: A

Correct answer: Protozoa

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan parasite carried by the female Anopheles mosquito. Because the parasite is a eukaryote, antibacterial antibiotics are useless against it and antimalarial drugs are needed.

Discuss in Forum

73.

Which one of the following microorganisms consists of only one cell?

A.Fungus
B.Bacteria
C.Bread mould
D.Virus

Answer: B

Correct answer: Bacteria

Bacteria are unicellular: one cell is the whole organism. Bread mould and most fungi are multicellular, and a virus is not a cell at all.

Discuss in Forum

74.

What type of microorganism is yeast which is used in many food preparations?

A.Bacteria
B.Fungi
C.Algae
D.Virus

Answer: B

Correct answer: Fungi

Yeast is a single-celled fungus. It ferments sugars to alcohol and carbon dioxide, which is what makes it useful for both baking and brewing - the same process, with a different product wanted in each case.

Discuss in Forum

75.

Which of the following is not used as a food preservative?

A.Salt
B.Sugar
C.Vinegar
D.Methane

Answer: D

Correct answer: Methane

Methane is a gas and preserves nothing. Salt and sugar preserve by drawing water out of microbial cells osmotically, and vinegar by acidity - all three work by making the food a place where microorganisms cannot grow.

Discuss in Forum

76.

Which of the following is a communicable disease?

A.Diabetes
B.Chicken pox
C.Alzheimer’s
D.Cancer

Answer: B

Correct answer: Chicken pox

A communicable disease is one that spreads from person to person, and chicken pox does so readily - through droplets and through contact with the rash. Diabetes, Alzheimer’s and cancer are not caused by transmissible agents.

Discuss in Forum

77.

The disease caused by protozoa is

A.tuberculosis
B.polio
C.typhoid
D.malaria

Answer: D

Correct answer: malaria

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan, transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito. Tuberculosis and typhoid are bacterial and polio viral.

Discuss in Forum

78.

Which microorganism causes AIDS?

A.A protozoa
B.A bacteria
C.A virus
D.An algae

Answer: C

Correct answer: A virus

AIDS is caused by HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus - a retrovirus that infects CD4 helper T cells. Their gradual loss is what leaves the patient open to the opportunistic infections that define the disease.

Discuss in Forum

79.

Alcohol is produced with the help of

A.sodium chloride
B.yeast
C.nitrogen
D.carbon dioxide

Answer: B

Correct answer: yeast

Yeast ferments sugar to ethanol and carbon dioxide in the absence of air. It is the basis of every alcoholic drink, and the same organism, used aerobically, makes bread rise - the difference being whether the CO₂ or the alcohol is the product wanted.

Discuss in Forum

80.

While baking cakes, yeast reproduces rapidly and produces ___ gas.

A.Hydrogen
B.Oxygen
C.carbon dioxide
D.nitrogen

Answer: C

Correct answer: carbon dioxide

Yeast ferments the sugars in the batter and releases carbon dioxide, which is trapped as bubbles and makes the cake rise. The alcohol produced alongside it evaporates in the oven.

Discuss in Forum

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