Child and Human Development Questions and Answers

Q: Common symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are(a) Disorientation(b) Joint pain(c) Anxiety and anger(d) Upper respiratory infections(e) Memory lossCodes :

Common symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are disorientation, anxiety and anger, and memory loss, items (a), (c) and (e).It is a progressive brain disorder in which memory fails first and the person loses a sense of time and place, with mood changes such as anxiety, irritability and anger. Joint pain and upper respiratory infections are not symptoms of the disease itself, so the codes that contain (b) or (d) are wrong.

111.

Arrange the stages of psycho-sexual development in correct sequence :

I. Phallic stage
II. Genital stage
III. Oral stage
IV. Latency stage
V. Anal stage

A.II, IV, I, V, III
B.I, II, III, V, IV
C.III, V, I, IV, II
D.V, IV, III, II, I

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

Freud's psychosexual stages come in the order oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital, so the sequence is III, V, I, IV, II, option (C). The oral stage covers roughly the first year, the anal stage follows, then the phallic, then the quiet latency period, and the genital stage begins at puberty. Options (A) and (D) start with the genital or the anal stage and (B) puts the genital stage before the oral and anal stages, so they are wrong.

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112.

Arrange Maslow's 'Hierarchy of needs' in the proper sequence :

I. Physiological
II. Social
III. Safety
IV. Self-esteem
V. Self actualisation

A.I, III, II, IV, V
B.I, II, III, IV, V
C.V, IV, III, II, I
D.I, IV, III, II, V

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

Maslow's hierarchy of needs rises from physiological needs to safety needs, then social needs (belonging), then self-esteem, and at the top self actualisation. The sequence is therefore I, III, II, IV, V, option (A). Option (B) puts social needs before safety, option (C) turns the hierarchy upside down, and option (D) places esteem before safety and social needs, so they are wrong. The answer is I, III, II, IV, V.

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113.

Match the items in List - I with List - II :

List - I	List - II
I. Sucking and eye blinking	1. Classical conditioning
II. Less than 2.5 kg of birth weight	2. Loneliness
III. Empty nest	3. Operant conditioning
IV. Pairing of stimuli	4. Permanent Reflex
	5. Small for date
	6. Broken Homes

Codes :
I II III IV

A.5 2 6 3
B.6 5 2 3
C.2 4 6 1
D.4 5 2 1

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

Sucking and eye blinking are permanent reflexes (4), a birth weight below 2.5 kg is described as small for date (5), the empty nest is a time of loneliness for the parents (2), and pairing of stimuli is how classical conditioning works (1). So the match is I-4, II-5, III-2, IV-1, option (D). Operant conditioning rests on rewards and punishments, not on pairing, and broken homes do not fit any of the four. Options (A), (B) and (C) put one or more of these in the wrong place.

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114.

Match the items in List - I with List - II :

List - I	List - II
I. Germination	1. Sleeping on stomach and soft surfaces
II. Equilibration	2. Balance
III. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome	3. Viral infection
IV. Kindergarten	4. Piaget
	5. Science experience
	6. Froebel

Codes :
I II III IV

A.1 2 3 4
B.5 4 1 6
C.2 1 6 4
D.3 4 2 5

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

Germination is a topic of science experience in the early school curriculum (5); equilibration is a concept of Piaget (4); sudden infant death syndrome has been linked to a baby sleeping on its stomach and on soft surfaces (1); and the kindergarten was the idea of Froebel (6). So the match is I-5, II-4, III-1, IV-6, option (B). Option (A) pairs germination with sleeping position and sudden infant death with viral infection, option (C) gives the kindergarten to Piaget, and option (D) links sudden infant death with balance.

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115.

Match the items in List - I with List - II :

List - I	List - II
I. T.A.T.	1. Immediately after birth
II. Cooperative and Helpful behaviour	2. Quantitative
III. BCG	3. Projective technique
IV. Development	4. Prosocial behaviour
	5. Intelligence test
	6. Qualitative

Codes :
I II III IV

A.3 4 1 6
B.2 3 5 4
C.3 2 4 2
D.2 3 1 5

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The T.A.T. (Thematic Apperception Test) is a projective technique (3), cooperative and helpful behaviour is prosocial behaviour (4), BCG is given immediately after birth (1) and development is described qualitatively as well as quantitatively, and the key takes the qualitative one (6). So the match is I-3, II-4, III-1, IV-6. The intelligence test is a distractor, since the T.A.T. is not one.

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116.

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences include

(a) linguistic (b) musical
(c) dramatic (d) interpersonal
Codes :

A.(b), (c), (d)
B.(a), (b), (d)
C.(a), (b), (c)
D.(a), (c), (d)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

Gardner's multiple intelligences include linguistic, musical and interpersonal, which is (a), (b) and (d), the second option. His list has linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic intelligence. Dramatic is not on the list, so the options that include (c) are wrong. The two further kinds in his list, logical-mathematical and bodily-kinesthetic, are not given in the question, but the three that are given as correct are all on his list, which settles the option.

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117.

Assertion (A) : Freud's Oedipus conflict for boys and Electra conflict for girls takes place during adolescence.

Reason (R) : Id impulses transfer to the genitals and the child finds pleasure in genital stimulation during this stage.
Codes :

A.Both (A) and (R) are correct.
B.(R) is correct and (A) is wrong.
C.(A) is correct and (R) is wrong.
D.Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

Both statements are incorrect, which is the fourth option. In Freud's theory the Oedipus conflict of boys and the Electra conflict of girls takes place in the phallic stage, between about three and six years, and not in adolescence, so the assertion is wrong. The reason, that the id impulses move to the genitals and the child finds pleasure in genital stimulation, describes the phallic stage, but it is given as the reason for adolescence, and the key counts it as incorrect in this context. The other options accept at least one statement and are rejected.

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118.

Organize the stages in the correct sequence :

(a) Generativity Vs Stagnation
(b) Intimacy Vs. Isolation
(c) Industry Vs. Inferiority diffusions
(d) Identity Vs. Identity confusion
(e) Ego integrity Vs. Despair
Codes :

A.(c), (a), (b), (d), (e)
B.(c), (d), (b), (a), (e)
C.(c), (b), (d), (a), (e)
D.(a), (d), (b), (e), (c)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The correct sequence of the Erikson stages is industry versus inferiority, identity versus role confusion, intimacy versus isolation, generativity versus stagnation, and ego integrity versus despair, which is (c), (d), (b), (a), (e), the second option. Industry comes in middle childhood, identity in adolescence, intimacy in young adulthood, generativity in middle age, and integrity in old age. The other options put intimacy ahead of identity or the later stages before the earlier ones.

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119.

In the study of language the terms surface structure and deep structure can be associated with

A.Albert Bandura
B.Noam Chomsky
C.Jane Elliot
D.B.F. Skinner

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The terms surface structure and deep structure are associated with Noam Chomsky.

In his transformational-generative grammar Chomsky distinguished the deep structure, the underlying meaning of a sentence, from the surface structure, the sequence of words actually spoken. Bandura is known for social learning theory and Skinner for operant conditioning, which treat language as learned through observation or reinforcement and do not use these terms.

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120.

Common symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are

(a) Disorientation
(b) Joint pain
(c) Anxiety and anger
(d) Upper respiratory infections
(e) Memory loss
Codes :

A.(d), (a) and (e)
B.(b), (d) and (a)
C.(c), (b) and (e)
D.(a), (c) and (e)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

Common symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are disorientation, anxiety and anger, and memory loss, items (a), (c) and (e).

It is a progressive brain disorder in which memory fails first and the person loses a sense of time and place, with mood changes such as anxiety, irritability and anger. Joint pain and upper respiratory infections are not symptoms of the disease itself, so the codes that contain (b) or (d) are wrong.

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