Social Welfare Administration Questions and Answers

Q: The term 'affirmative action' was first used in 1961 in the United States by :

The term was first used by John F. Kennedy.President John F. Kennedy's Executive Order 10925 of March 1961 required government contractors to take 'affirmative action' to ensure that applicants and employees are treated without regard to race, creed, colour or national origin. This is regarded as the first official use of the term in the United States in the sense of policies against discrimination.Martin Luther King Jr. campaigned for civil rights but did not coin the term. Thomas Weisskopf and Marc Galanter are scholars who later wrote comparative studies of affirmative action and India's reservation policies.

Q: Which of the following approach papers mentions voluntary agencies as the eyes and ears of the beneficiaries and weaker sections ?

The key gives The Seventh Plan.Development writing says the Seventh Plan (1985-90) was the first plan to discuss the role of voluntary agencies in rural development in detail, including their work in making the poor aware so that public agencies are held to account. A description of voluntary agencies as the eyes and ears of the beneficiaries and weaker sections fits that emphasis.I could not find the exact phrase 'eyes and ears' in the text of any plan document, so the key is kept on the Seventh Plan's known emphasis on voluntary agencies, not on a quotation. The later Plans (Eighth, Ninth, Tenth) also discuss the voluntary sector.

Q: "It is a pioneering institutional arrangement innovated for mobilising voluntary efforts by the government." This statement relates to :

The statement relates to the Central Social Welfare Board.The Central Social Welfare Board was set up in 1953 by a resolution of the Government of India, with Durgabai Deshmukh as its first chairperson, to promote social welfare activities through voluntary organisations. It gives grants to voluntary agencies, helps state boards and encourages new welfare programmes for women and children. It was a new arrangement in which government mobilised and financed voluntary effort rather than delivering services directly, which is what the quoted statement describes.A ministry, panchayati raj institutions and urban local bodies are government or local-government bodies, not institutions created to mobilise voluntary effort.

Q: Assertion (A) and Reason (R) Pattern :Assertion (A) : Scandinavian countries are reputed to have the world's best developed and most efficient social welfare systems.Reason (R) : "There, the social welfare system is based on the principle that a citizen has to enjoy more rights."Codes :

The key gives (A) and (R) both true, with (R) the correct explanation.The Scandinavian (Nordic) countries are widely regarded as having among the most developed social welfare systems. Their model rests on universal, rights-based entitlements: welfare is treated as a social right of every citizen, not as charity or a safety net for the poor. That principle of citizens enjoying more rights is the reason the systems are so extensive, so (R) explains (A).I could not find the quoted sentence in (R) in a source, and a critic could call the reason incomplete, since high taxation and political consensus also matter. The other codes would need (A) to be false, (R) to be false or (R) to be unrelated to (A), and none of these is plausible.

Q: The concept of tribal sub-plan evolved and was implemented during the :

The tribal sub-plan was introduced in the Fifth Five-year plan.The Tribal Sub-Plan strategy, recommended by an expert committee chaired by S. C. Dube, was adopted in the Fifth Plan (1974-79). States with tribal populations were to earmark funds from their plans in proportion to the tribal population for the development of tribal areas, with Integrated Tribal Development Projects as the units of implementation.The Third and Fourth Plans relied on tribal development blocks; the Sixth Plan extended the strategy with the Modified Area Development Approach, but the concept itself took shape in the Fifth.

Q: From the following which are the characteristics of social welfare ?(1) Utilisation of welfare measures to support or strengthen family as a basic social institution.(2) Intent to strengthen the individual capacity to cope with the life situation.Select correct codes :

The answer is (1) and (2) are correct.Social welfare, as distinguished from general welfare measures, uses organised services to support and strengthen the family as the basic social institution, and aims to strengthen individuals' capacity to cope with their life situations, especially for vulnerable groups.Both statements describe it, so 'only (1)', 'both incorrect' and 'none of the above' are wrong.

Q: Which period is declared as International Women Decade by the United Nations ?

The UN Decade for Women is 1975-1985.The United Nations declared 1975 International Women's Year, with the first World Conference on Women at Mexico City, and proclaimed the following decade the UN Decade for Women: Equality, Development and Peace, which closed with the Nairobi conference of 1985.The other periods are not UN decades for women. The Beijing conference of 1995 adopted the Platform for Action, but it did not open a new women's decade.

Q: From the following which scheme is not intended for women ?

The key gives Anganwadi Services Scheme.Anganwadi Services, the core of the Integrated Child Development Services, are aimed primarily at children below six years, providing nutrition, pre-school education, immunisation and health check-ups. Pregnant women and nursing mothers are covered, but as part of a child-development scheme.The other three are schemes for women: One Stop Centres support women affected by violence, Swadhar Greh shelters women in difficult circumstances, and Ujjawala fights the trafficking of women and children for sexual exploitation and rehabilitates victims.

Q: Which community is not included in minority at the national level ?

The community not notified as a national minority is Gujarati.Under the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992, the Union government has notified six communities as minorities: Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Zoroastrians (Parsis) and Jains.Gujarati is a linguistic group; linguistic minorities are recognised state by state, not as national minorities. Christians, Buddhists and Zoroastrians are all on the national list.

Q: Who remains the Chairman of National Disaster Management Authority ?

The NDMA is chaired by the Prime Minister.Under the Disaster Management Act, 2005, the National Disaster Management Authority is headed by the Prime Minister as its ex officio chairperson, with a vice-chairperson and other members. State authorities are headed by the Chief Ministers.The President has no role in it, the Chief Minister heads only the state authority, and no judge chairs it.

41.

The term 'affirmative action' was first used in 1961 in the United States by :

A.Martin Luther King, Jr.
B.Thomas Weisskopf
C.John F. Kennedy
D.Marc Galanter

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: C

The term was first used by John F. Kennedy.

President John F. Kennedy's Executive Order 10925 of March 1961 required government contractors to take 'affirmative action' to ensure that applicants and employees are treated without regard to race, creed, colour or national origin. This is regarded as the first official use of the term in the United States in the sense of policies against discrimination.

Martin Luther King Jr. campaigned for civil rights but did not coin the term. Thomas Weisskopf and Marc Galanter are scholars who later wrote comparative studies of affirmative action and India's reservation policies.

Discuss in Forum

42.

Which of the following approach papers mentions voluntary agencies as the eyes and ears of the beneficiaries and weaker sections ?

A.The Seventh Plan
B.The Eighth Plan
C.The Ninth Plan
D.The Tenth Plan

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: A

The key gives The Seventh Plan.

Development writing says the Seventh Plan (1985-90) was the first plan to discuss the role of voluntary agencies in rural development in detail, including their work in making the poor aware so that public agencies are held to account. A description of voluntary agencies as the eyes and ears of the beneficiaries and weaker sections fits that emphasis.

I could not find the exact phrase 'eyes and ears' in the text of any plan document, so the key is kept on the Seventh Plan's known emphasis on voluntary agencies, not on a quotation. The later Plans (Eighth, Ninth, Tenth) also discuss the voluntary sector.

Discuss in Forum

43.

"It is a pioneering institutional arrangement innovated for mobilising voluntary efforts by the government." This statement relates to :

A.Ministry of Social Justice Empowerment
B.Central Social Welfare Board
C.Panchayat Raj Institutions
D.Urban local bodies

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: B

The statement relates to the Central Social Welfare Board.

The Central Social Welfare Board was set up in 1953 by a resolution of the Government of India, with Durgabai Deshmukh as its first chairperson, to promote social welfare activities through voluntary organisations. It gives grants to voluntary agencies, helps state boards and encourages new welfare programmes for women and children. It was a new arrangement in which government mobilised and financed voluntary effort rather than delivering services directly, which is what the quoted statement describes.

A ministry, panchayati raj institutions and urban local bodies are government or local-government bodies, not institutions created to mobilise voluntary effort.

Discuss in Forum

44.

Assertion (A) and Reason (R) Pattern :

Assertion (A) : Scandinavian countries are reputed to have the world's best developed and most efficient social welfare systems.
Reason (R) : "There, the social welfare system is based on the principle that a citizen has to enjoy more rights."

Codes :

A.Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
B.Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
C.(A) is true but (R) is false
D.(A) is false but (R) is true

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: A

The key gives (A) and (R) both true, with (R) the correct explanation.

The Scandinavian (Nordic) countries are widely regarded as having among the most developed social welfare systems. Their model rests on universal, rights-based entitlements: welfare is treated as a social right of every citizen, not as charity or a safety net for the poor. That principle of citizens enjoying more rights is the reason the systems are so extensive, so (R) explains (A).

I could not find the quoted sentence in (R) in a source, and a critic could call the reason incomplete, since high taxation and political consensus also matter. The other codes would need (A) to be false, (R) to be false or (R) to be unrelated to (A), and none of these is plausible.

Discuss in Forum

45.

The concept of tribal sub-plan evolved and was implemented during the :

A.Fourth Five-year plan
B.Fifth Five-year plan
C.Third Five-year plan
D.Sixth Five-year plan

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: B

The tribal sub-plan was introduced in the Fifth Five-year plan.

The Tribal Sub-Plan strategy, recommended by an expert committee chaired by S. C. Dube, was adopted in the Fifth Plan (1974-79). States with tribal populations were to earmark funds from their plans in proportion to the tribal population for the development of tribal areas, with Integrated Tribal Development Projects as the units of implementation.

The Third and Fourth Plans relied on tribal development blocks; the Sixth Plan extended the strategy with the Modified Area Development Approach, but the concept itself took shape in the Fifth.

Discuss in Forum

46.

From the following which are the characteristics of social welfare ?

(1) Utilisation of welfare measures to support or strengthen family as a basic social institution.
(2) Intent to strengthen the individual capacity to cope with the life situation.

Select correct codes :

A.(1) is correct
B.(1) and (2) are correct
C.(1) and (2) are incorrect
D.None of the above

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: B

The answer is (1) and (2) are correct.

Social welfare, as distinguished from general welfare measures, uses organised services to support and strengthen the family as the basic social institution, and aims to strengthen individuals' capacity to cope with their life situations, especially for vulnerable groups.

Both statements describe it, so 'only (1)', 'both incorrect' and 'none of the above' are wrong.

Discuss in Forum

47.

Which period is declared as International Women Decade by the United Nations ?

A.1965-1975
B.1975-1985
C.1985-1995
D.1995-2005

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: B

The UN Decade for Women is 1975-1985.

The United Nations declared 1975 International Women's Year, with the first World Conference on Women at Mexico City, and proclaimed the following decade the UN Decade for Women: Equality, Development and Peace, which closed with the Nairobi conference of 1985.

The other periods are not UN decades for women. The Beijing conference of 1995 adopted the Platform for Action, but it did not open a new women's decade.

Discuss in Forum

48.

From the following which scheme is not intended for women ?

A.One Stop Centre Scheme
B.Swadhar Grih Scheme
C.Anganwadi Services Scheme
D.Ujjwala Scheme

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: C

The key gives Anganwadi Services Scheme.

Anganwadi Services, the core of the Integrated Child Development Services, are aimed primarily at children below six years, providing nutrition, pre-school education, immunisation and health check-ups. Pregnant women and nursing mothers are covered, but as part of a child-development scheme.

The other three are schemes for women: One Stop Centres support women affected by violence, Swadhar Greh shelters women in difficult circumstances, and Ujjawala fights the trafficking of women and children for sexual exploitation and rehabilitates victims.

Discuss in Forum

49.

Which community is not included in minority at the national level ?

A.Christians
B.Buddhist
C.Zoroastrians
D.Gujarati

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: D

The community not notified as a national minority is Gujarati.

Under the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992, the Union government has notified six communities as minorities: Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Zoroastrians (Parsis) and Jains.

Gujarati is a linguistic group; linguistic minorities are recognised state by state, not as national minorities. Christians, Buddhists and Zoroastrians are all on the national list.

Discuss in Forum

50.

Who remains the Chairman of National Disaster Management Authority ?

A.President
B.Prime Minister
C.Chief Minister
D.Judge of Supreme Court

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: B

The NDMA is chaired by the Prime Minister.

Under the Disaster Management Act, 2005, the National Disaster Management Authority is headed by the Prime Minister as its ex officio chairperson, with a vice-chairperson and other members. State authorities are headed by the Chief Ministers.

The President has no role in it, the Chief Minister heads only the state authority, and no judge chairs it.

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