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Social Welfare Administration Questions and Answers

21.

In India, the basic aims of a welfare state are clearly fore-shadowed in the :

(1) Preamble of the Constitution
(2) Fundamental Rights
(3) Directive Principles of the State Policy
(4) Eleventh schedule of the Constitution
(5) Twelfth schedule of the Constitution

Choose the correct code :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: D

The correct code is (1), (2) and (3).

The aims of a welfare state are set out in the Preamble (justice, social, economic and political, and equality), secured in part through the Fundamental Rights, and spelled out most fully in the Directive Principles of State Policy, which direct the State to promote the welfare of the people (Article 38) and secure livelihood, health and education.

The Eleventh and Twelfth Schedules, added by the 73rd and 74th Amendments in 1992, only list the subjects that may be devolved to panchayats and municipalities. They are lists of functions, not statements of the welfare state's aims, so codes including (4) or (5) are wrong.

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22.

Who stated "social change refers to any modification in established patterns of interhuman relationship and standards of conduct" ?

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: B

The definition is given by Lundberg and others.

The sociology text by George Lundberg and his co-authors defines social change as any modification in established patterns of inter-human relationship and standards of conduct. It is one of the standard textbook definitions quoted in social welfare administration.

Gillin and Gillin defined social change as variations from the accepted modes of life, whether due to changes in geographical conditions, culture, population or ideology. Kingsley Davis defined it as the alterations that occur in social organisation, the structure and functions of society. Their definitions are worded differently from the one quoted.

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23.

Affirmative action :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: A

The key is A: affirmative action simply alters the composition of elite positions in society.

Affirmative action (reservation and preferential treatment) widens access to jobs, education and office for disadvantaged groups. Critics and defenders both note that its direct effect is on who occupies the higher positions, not on the incomes of the poor as a whole. So it is not an anti-poverty programme (C), which would target income, and it is not an employment generation scheme (D), which creates new jobs.

It also does not redistribute income or property in the conventional way (B). The wording is from a textbook that I could not trace, so this is the reading that fits the key and the other options.

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24.

Which one of the following is not a characteristic of voluntary agency ?

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: D

The feature that is not a characteristic of a voluntary agency is no corporate personality.

A voluntary agency is formed by the voluntary efforts of a group of people, is organised and governed on democratic lines, and is registered under a relevant Act such as the Societies Registration Act or the Indian Trusts Act. Registration gives it a corporate personality: it can own property, enter into contracts and sue or be sued in its own name.

So voluntary origin, democratic governance and registration are characteristics, and having no corporate personality contradicts the last of them.

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25.

Assertion (A) : Social welfare is a dynamic concept.

Reason (R) : It is the responsibility of the community and the state to promote the well-being of the underprivileged and disadvantaged people of society.

Answer the question using the codes given below :

Codes :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: B

The key is B: both statements are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Social welfare is called dynamic because what counts as welfare changes with society's needs, values and resources, so (A) is true. It is also true that the community and the State bear a responsibility for the well-being of the disadvantaged (R).

But R describes who is responsible, not why the concept changes over time. Responsibility could be fixed and the concept still static. So R does not explain A. Option A would need R to account for the changing nature of welfare, and C and D deny the truth of statements that are accepted.

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26.

The Supreme Court Judgement which made it mandatory for all government departments to consider the name of mother along with father for all practical purposes ?

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: C

The judgement is Geeta Hariharan Vs. Reserve Bank of India, 1999.

In this case the Supreme Court read the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act so that the mother can act as natural guardian of a minor even while the father is alive, overturning the view that 'after' the father meant only after his death. The ruling is the basis for treating the mother's name on a par with the father's in official records.

Vishaka laid down guidelines against sexual harassment at the workplace. The Laxmi case concerned acid attacks and the regulation of acid sales. Mary Roy won Syrian Christian women an equal share in inheritance in Kerala. None dealt with guardianship or the mother's name.

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27.

The Swadhar scheme was launched in 2000-2001 :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: A

The Swadhar scheme was launched for providing holistic and integrated services to women in difficult circumstances.

Swadhar, a scheme of the Department of Women and Child Development, aimed at women in difficult circumstances such as destitute widows, women released from prison, survivors of trafficking or disasters and women affected by violence. It provided shelter, food, clothing, counselling, legal aid and training in an integrated way.

Meeting credit needs of poor women is the purpose of the Rashtriya Mahila Kosh. Temporary shelter alone is narrower than Swadhar's holistic services (Short Stay Homes covered it separately). Grants for building working women's hostels come under the Working Women's Hostel scheme.

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28.

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :

List I (Activity)List II (Phase)
(a) Restoration of life lines(1) Response
(b) Planning and training(2) Recovery
(c) Emergency assistance(3) Mitigation
(d) Hazard-resistant constructions(4) Preparedness

Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: A

The correct code is (2) (4) (1) (3).

  • (a) Restoring lifelines such as power, water and roads after a disaster belongs to recovery.
  • (b) Planning and training before a disaster belong to preparedness.
  • (c) Emergency assistance during and right after the event is response.
  • (d) Hazard-resistant construction reduces future damage, which is mitigation.

Option B confuses response and recovery, and options C and D put mitigation and preparedness in the wrong places.

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29.

The key agency to initially translate the constitutional provisions of a social welfare state into practice has been :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: D

The keyed answer is the Planning Commission.

The Planning Commission, set up in 1950, drew up the Five Year Plans, and the First Five Year Plan (1951-56) was the first to set out programmes of social welfare. On the keyed reading it was the agency that first turned the welfare aims of the Directive Principles of the Constitution into planned action.

The Central Social Welfare Board (A) was set up in 1953 to support voluntary welfare work and could equally be named, since it came after the first plan began; I follow the key in choosing the Planning Commission. The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (B) in its present form is much later, and the National Commission for SC/ST (C) is a body for the protection of those groups, not a general agency for a welfare state.

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30.

Durga Bai Deshmukh award for women development is given to :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: B

The Dr. Durgabai Deshmukh Award for Women's Development is given to a voluntary organization.

The Central Social Welfare Board instituted the award in 1997 in memory of its founder chairperson, Durgabai Deshmukh. It is given to a voluntary organisation that has made an outstanding or innovative contribution to the welfare and empowerment of women and has some years of experience in the field. The President of India has presented it.

It is not given to an individual woman social worker (A), to a government department such as the Department of Women and Child Development (C), which is the ministry under which the Board works, or to a family counselling centre as such (D), although a counselling centre run by a voluntary body could be the voluntary organisation honoured.

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