National Health Programmes Questions and Answers

Answer: C

The correct matching is 1-c, 2-b, 3-d and 4-a.

• Vector management uses chemical control of Aedes mosquitoes and their larvae, along with source reduction (1-c).
• Outbreak response depends on epidemic preparedness: rapid response teams, stocks and hospital readiness (2-b).
• Capacity building means training of human resource (3-d).
• Monitoring works through reports and feed-back (4-a).

The other options pair capacity building with feed-back or vector management with epidemic preparedness, which reverses these roles.

Answer: C

The correct matching is 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c.

• The Vitamin A prophylaxis programme aims at control of blindness from vitamin A deficiency (1-b).
• The prophylaxis programme against nutritional anaemia distributes iron and folic acid tablets (2-a).
• The National Goitre Control Programme is about control of iodine deficiency; it was renamed the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme (3-d).
• The Balwadi nutrition programme provides food supplements to children aged three to six attending balwadis (4-c).

The other options pair vitamin A with iron tablets or goitre control with food supplements.

Answer: B

The answer is ICDS, Nutritional.

The Integrated Child Development Services scheme, begun in 1975 and run through anganwadi centres, provides supplementary nutrition to pregnant women, lactating mothers, children under six (including preschool children) and adolescent girls. It also offers immunisation, health check-ups, referral, preschool education and nutrition education.

The Mid-day meal scheme feeds schoolchildren and gives no financial support to mothers. The Balwadi nutrition programme covers only children aged three to six, and 'moral' and 'mental' support are not what any of these feeding programmes provide.

Answer: B

The answer is To focusing on behaviour change, increased decentralization and NGO involvement.

That shift belongs to NACP-II (1999 to 2006), which turned the programme towards behaviour change, decentralised it through State AIDS Control Societies and brought in NGOs.

The other three are milestones of NACP-I, launched in 1992. Its objective was to slow down the spread of HIV infection. The National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) was set up to run it, and a National AIDS Control Board was constituted to oversee it.

Answer: A

NRHM was started in 2005.

The National Rural Health Mission was launched on 12 April 2005 to provide accessible, affordable and quality health care to the rural population, especially in states with weak health indicators. It introduced the ASHA worker, Janani Suraksha Yojana and the Rogi Kalyan Samitis.

In 2013 it became a sub-mission of the National Health Mission, alongside the National Urban Health Mission. 2006, 2007 and 2009 are wrong.

Answer: C

The disease not included is typhoid.

The National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme deals with diseases spread by vectors such as mosquitoes and sandflies: malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, lymphatic filariasis and kala-azar.

Typhoid is not vector-borne. It is caused by Salmonella Typhi and spreads through food and water contaminated with faeces, so it falls under water-borne disease control, not this programme. Malaria, dengue and chikungunya are all mosquito-borne and are covered.

Answer: B

The National Rural Health Mission was launched in 2005.

The Prime Minister launched NRHM on 12 April 2005, for an initial period of 2005-2012, to strengthen rural health care with a special focus on 18 states with weak health indicators. Its key features included the ASHA community health worker and the Janani Suraksha Yojana.

2000 is before the mission was planned. 2010 falls within its first phase, and 2015 is after it had become part of the National Health Mission in 2013.

Answer: D

The Diarrhoeal Disease Control Programme began in 1978.

India's Diarrhoeal Disease Control Programme was started in 1978, following the WHO's global programme of the same year. Its main strategy was to prevent deaths from dehydration in children under five through oral rehydration therapy (ORS), along with continued feeding and health education.

1955 and 1968 are too early: ORS had not yet been proved effective then. 1970 also predates the programme.

Answer: C

The 6x6x6 strategy belongs to Anaemia Mukt Bharat Abhiyan.

Launched in 2018, Anaemia Mukt Bharat targets six beneficiary groups (children 6-59 months, children 5-9, adolescents 10-19, pregnant women, lactating women and women of reproductive age) through six interventions and six institutional mechanisms.

LaQshya improves the quality of care in labour rooms and maternity operation theatres, MAA promotes breastfeeding, and SUMAN (Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan) assures free, respectful maternal and newborn care. None of them is built on a 6x6x6 design.

Answer: D

MCTS stands for Mother and Child Tracking System.

The MCTS is the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare's name-based web system, started in 2009, that registers every pregnant woman and newborn and tracks whether each one receives antenatal check-ups, institutional delivery, postnatal care and immunization on time. It was later upgraded to the RCH portal.

The other expansions describe treatment or transport services, which is not what the system does: it tracks the delivery of services to each mother and child.