Inclusive Education Questions and Answers

Answer: B

The official key is Dyslexia. Reading numbers wrongly, by reversing or transposing digits, is a reading-type disorder with symbols, which the key places under dyslexia, while dyscalculia is the disability in arithmetic and number sense. Dyscrasia is a blood condition and dyspepsia is indigestion, so neither is a learning disability. The keyed answer is Dyslexia. The key reads the stem as a problem with the symbols themselves, which is the field of dyslexia, a specific learning disability in reading that can include numerals. Dyscalculia, which is about calculation, is the other possible choice, but the key does not accept it.

Answer: D

A child with difficulty in picking up objects is suspected to have a locomotor impairment, a disability of the limbs or hands, which affects movement and manipulation. Intellectual, sight or speech problems do not directly stop a child from grasping things. The answer is locomotor impairment. Locomotor disability includes conditions such as cerebral palsy of the limbs, loss of fingers or paralysis, which make grasping and lifting objects hard. Intellectual or sight problems would not on their own prevent a child from picking up an object, and speech has no bearing on the action.

Answer: B

Children of some minority communities cannot fully take part in Indian educational institutions because there is a process of exclusion in the institutions, that is, discrimination in admission, curriculum and attitude that keeps them out or makes them feel unwelcome.

It is not correct to say that minority communities spend nothing on their children's education or lack faith in the system as a whole, and the lack of infrastructure affects institutions generally and not only those used by the minorities.

Answer: D

All the statements describe the objectives of inclusive education, so option (D) is right. Inclusive education aims to uncover and reduce barriers to learning, which is statement (A). It aims to change attitudes, behaviour, teaching methods, curricula and environments so that they meet the needs of all children, which is statement (B). It also promotes local cultures and the contents of the various communities in the society, which is statement (C). Because each of these three belongs to the aim, a choice of only one of them would leave out two true statements.

Answer: C

Mobility and orientation training is linked with students with visual impairment. It teaches blind and low-vision learners to know where they are and to move safely and independently, using the white cane, sound cues and touch. Students with hearing impairment (A) need auditory and speech training, those with mental retardation (B) need adaptive and life skills, and those with a learning disability (D) need remedial teaching, so this training does not belong to those groups.

Answer: B

Idiots are classified within the IQ range 0-25. In the older classification of mental deficiency, idiots are the most severely retarded, with an IQ below about 25, imbeciles about 25-50 and morons about 50-70. The range 100-125 (A) is average to above average, 120-160 (C) is superior and gifted, and 60-90 (D) covers dull and borderline cases, so none of these suits the idiot level.

Answer: B

Special education courses are controlled by the Rehabilitation Council of India. The RCI, set up under the Rehabilitation Council of India Act 1992, regulates and standardises the training of professionals and personnel in special education and rehabilitation. The Special Education Council of India (A) is not the statutory regulator. The National Council of Teacher Education (C) deals with general teacher education, and the Medical Council of India (D) with medical education.

Answer: D

Students with hearing impairment require all of the above. They need auditory training to make the best use of residual hearing, language training to build vocabulary and structure which hearing children acquire naturally, and speech training to produce intelligible speech. Since all three needs are real, choosing only one of (A), (B) or (C) would leave the other two out.

Answer: A

A child who reads dog as god has dyslexia. Dyslexia is the learning disability in reading, in which letters or words are confused or reversed, as in b and d or dog and god. Dysgraphia (B) is the difficulty in writing, dyspraxia (C) is the difficulty in coordinating movement, and dysplasia (D) is not a learning disability but an abnormal development of tissue.

Answer: D

The learning-disabled children have perceptual problems, which is option (D). Learning disability is a disorder in the processes of understanding or using language, and these children often have difficulty in visual or auditory perception. It is not caused mainly by poor environment (A), it is separate from mental retardation (B) and from emotional disturbance (C), which are excluded by the definition of learning disability.