Labour Welfare Questions and Answers

Answer: B

The description of a desirable state of existence comprehending physical, mental, moral and emotional well being is the Total Concept of labour welfare. It sees welfare as the wellbeing of the whole person, not only material comfort.

The Social Concept is wrong because it stresses the community's responsibility. The Relative Concept is wrong because it says welfare varies with time and place. The Positive Concept is wrong because it asks for positive efforts to improve conditions, not the state of existence itself.

Answer: D

The assertion is right but the reason is wrong. Labour welfare is relative to time and space: it depends on the social values, standards and level of development of a society. For that reason it is not universal and perpetual, so the reason contradicts the assertion.

Both right is wrong because the reason is wrong. Assertion wrong and reason right is wrong because it reverses the truth. Both wrong is wrong because the assertion is correct.

Answer: C

The minimum conditions of welfare are explained by both Dr. Aykroyd's formula and the subsistence theory. Aykroyd's formula sets out the minimum nutritional requirement, and the subsistence theory holds that wages should meet only the minimum needs of life.

Choosing only one of the two is wrong because both describe minimum conditions of living. None of the above is wrong because both options are accepted by the key.

Answer: A

The principle of uniformity is not a principle of labour welfare. Welfare work must fit local needs, so uniform schemes are not a principle. The accepted principles include coordination and integration, association of workers, timeliness, and others.

Co-ordination and integration is wrong because it is a principle. Association is wrong because welfare should involve the workers. Timeliness is wrong because welfare measures must be provided when needed.

Answer: B

The correct matching is guarding labour against exploitation with the Policing Theory (iii), empathic consideration by the employer with the Philanthropic Theory (iv), setting out part of profits for employees with the Trusteeship Theory (i), and pacifying the agitating working class with the Placating Theory (ii). The code is iii iv i ii.

Option (A) gives the first theme the Placating Theory. Option (C) gives the second theme the Trusteeship Theory. Option (D) gives the first theme the Philanthropic Theory. Each misplaces the first theme.

Answer: A

Labour is not a commodity is the assertion of the Declaration of Philadelphia, adopted by the 26th session of the International Labour Conference in 1944, which restated the aims of the ILO.

The Magna Carta is wrong because it is a medieval charter of liberties. The Constitution of India is wrong because it does not contain this statement. The International Labour Conference is the body that adopted the Declaration, not the source named in the key.

Answer: D

The correct matching is a-iii, b-i, c-v, d-ii, e-iv, which is option D.

The Royal Commission on Labour (Whitley Commission) reported in 1929 (iii). The Bombay Textile Labour Enquiry Committee dates from 1937 (i). The Second Labour Ministers' Conference was held in 1941 (v). The Labour Investigation Committee (Rege Committee) worked in 1946 (ii). The Second National Commission on Labour was set up in 2002 (iv). Option A starts with 1946 for the Royal Commission, option B puts 1946 for the Bombay committee, and option C gives 2002 to the Second Labour Ministers' Conference, so each mismatches at least two pairs.

Answer: B

The goal of the ILO is not just the creation of jobs but the creation of jobs of acceptable quality.

The ILO's decent work agenda aims at productive work for women and men in conditions of freedom, equity, security and dignity. Merely creating jobs is not enough, so option A is incomplete. Overcoming under-employment is an aim, so the statement that it is 'not' an aim is false, and freedom of choice in employment is an aim, so option D is false as well.

Answer: C

Both the assertion and the reason are right, so the answer is Assertion and Reason are right.

Intra-mural welfare is provided inside the workplace and extra-mural welfare outside it, and they complement each other because a worker's life at work and away from work are connected. The reason, that work-life balance has to be ensured for the best output from an employee, is also a sound statement. The keyed answer treats both as right, which excludes options A, B and D.

Answer: A

The statement that is not true is Labour welfare has no roots in social work.

Labour welfare grew out of social work and social reform, with early welfare efforts coming from philanthropists and reformers, so the claim of no roots is false. The 'long arm of the job' and 'social invasion of the workplace' concepts do explain the link between intra-mural and extra-mural welfare, welfare is a social concept, and corporate social responsibility extends welfare ideas, so options B, C and D are true.