Hepatitis Viruses Questions and Answers

Q: Testing a vaccinated person for hepatitis B immunity means measuring

Correct answer: antibody to the surface antigenThe vaccine contains only the surface antigen, so a response to it is measured as anti-HBs. A level of 10 international units per litre or more is taken as protective. Anti-HBc would be absent in someone vaccinated but never infected, and the surface antigen itself would indicate infection rather than immunity.

Q: Which one of the following is not a route of hepatitis B transmission?

Correct answer: Drinking contaminated waterHepatitis B is blood-borne, so it is transmitted by injecting equipment, at childbirth and sexually, but not through contaminated water. Water-borne spread belongs to hepatitis A and E, which is the distinction the item is testing.

81.

Testing a vaccinated person for hepatitis B immunity means measuring

A.antibody to the surface antigen
B.antibody to the core antigen
C.the surface antigen itself
D.the e antigen in serum

Answer: A

Correct answer: antibody to the surface antigen

The vaccine contains only the surface antigen, so a response to it is measured as anti-HBs. A level of 10 international units per litre or more is taken as protective. Anti-HBc would be absent in someone vaccinated but never infected, and the surface antigen itself would indicate infection rather than immunity.

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82.

Which one of the following is not a route of hepatitis B transmission?

A.Sharing injecting equipment
B.Drinking contaminated water
C.Childbirth
D.Sexual contact

Answer: B

Correct answer: Drinking contaminated water

Hepatitis B is blood-borne, so it is transmitted by injecting equipment, at childbirth and sexually, but not through contaminated water. Water-borne spread belongs to hepatitis A and E, which is the distinction the item is testing.

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83.

Interferon and nucleoside analogues are used in the treatment of

A.acute hepatitis E in pregnancy
B.hepatitis D without hepatitis B
C.chronic hepatitis B
D.acute hepatitis A

Answer: C

Chronic hepatitis B is managed with long-term suppression of viral replication, since the virus persists in the nucleus and is rarely eliminated. Acute hepatitis A needs no antiviral treatment, and hepatitis D cannot exist without hepatitis B.

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84.

Hepatitis C differs from hepatitis B in that hepatitis C

A.carries a DNA genome rather than RNA
B.is prevented by an effective vaccine
C.never progresses to chronic infection
D.can usually be cured with a course of tablets

Answer: D

Direct-acting antivirals eliminate hepatitis C in more than 95 per cent of those treated, whereas hepatitis B persists in the hepatocyte nucleus and is generally suppressed rather than cured. The vaccine position is the reverse: B has one and C does not.

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