Analgesics and Anaesthetics Questions and Answers

Answer: A

The dissociative anaesthetic is ketamine.

Ketamine blocks NMDA glutamate receptors and produces dissociative anaesthesia: the patient seems detached from the surroundings, with profound analgesia and amnesia, while the eyes may stay open and reflexes and breathing are largely kept.

Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used for sedation and seizures. Thiopentone sodium is an ultra-short-acting barbiturate given intravenously to induce anaesthesia. Nitrous oxide is an inhaled anaesthetic gas, a good analgesic but a weak anaesthetic. None of them produces the dissociative state.

Answer: A

Ibuprofen is used to relieve pain.

Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). By blocking the cyclo-oxygenase enzymes it reduces the production of prostaglandins, which cause pain, inflammation and fever. It is used for headache, toothache, menstrual cramps, muscle and joint pain, and to bring down fever.

It does not treat vomiting, for which antiemetics are used, or constipation, for which laxatives are used. Allergies are treated with antihistamines; NSAIDs can actually trigger allergic reactions in some people.