Factors Affecting Learning Questions and Answers

Answer: C

A teacher strengthens academic self-concept by rewarding autonomy and initiative in students.

Academic self-concept is a child's belief about his or her ability as a learner. Encouraging children to take initiative and act independently, and recognising those efforts, builds a sense of competence; this matches Erikson's stages of initiative and industry in the school years.

Low expectations, whether for all students or for children with special needs, teach children to see themselves as incapable, and punishing autonomy and initiative produces guilt and dependence rather than confidence.

Answer: A

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Emotions and thinking are interwoven: anxiety and fear interfere with attention and memory, while feeling safe and valued supports engagement and learning. Because emotion and cognition are linked in this way, teachers should give children emotional support in the classroom if learning is to be effective.

So the Reason states exactly why the Assertion holds, which rules out the options that call either statement false or deny the link.

Answer: C

The Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Cultures shape how emotions are expressed. In many Asian cultures that value social harmony and interdependence, open displays of anger are discouraged because they disrupt relationships, while shame is encouraged as a check on behaviour that might embarrass the group.

The Reason is false: emotions play an important role in learning. They affect attention, motivation, memory and engagement, and anxiety or interest can respectively block or drive learning. So the options treating the Reason as true, or both statements as false, are wrong.