Computer Internet Questions and Answers

Answer: B

Correct answer: File transfer protocol

FTP is the File Transfer Protocol, used to move files between hosts and to log in to a file server.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Mozilla

Websites are reached and displayed by a browser, and Mozilla is one. FoxPro is a database, Word a word processor and Unix an operating system.

Answer: D

Correct answer: Uniform resource locator

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator - the address that says which protocol to use, which host to ask and which resource to request.

Answer: D

Correct answer: To coordinate domain names and IP address allocation globally

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers oversees the domain name system and the distribution of IP address blocks to regional registries. Web standards are the separate business of the W3C and the IETF.

Answer: A

Correct answer: A system that filters network traffic according to security rules

A firewall inspects traffic crossing a network boundary and permits or blocks it according to a configured policy. It may be hardware or software, and it controls access rather than detecting malicious content, which is the separate job of antivirus and intrusion detection.

Answer: A

Correct answer: An attempt to obtain sensitive information by impersonating a trusted party

Phishing is a fraud in which the attacker impersonates a bank, employer or service to induce the victim to reveal passwords, card numbers or other sensitive information - usually through an email or message linking to a convincing fake site. It is an attack on the person rather than on the system, which is why technical defences alone are insufficient and why it remains the commonest route into an organisation. The variants are worth naming. Spear phishing is targeted at a specific individual using details gathered about them. Whaling targets senior executives. Vishing uses voice calls and smishing uses text messages. The practical defences are checking the sender’s actual address rather than the display name, hovering over a link to read its real destination, never following a link to log in, and above all enabling two-factor authentication, which makes a stolen password insufficient on its own.

Answer: A

Correct answer: E-business

E-business is the broadest of the four: it covers every use of electronic platforms in running a business, internal as well as external. E-commerce is the narrower activity of buying and selling, and e-marketing and e-procurement are narrower still.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Access point

Coaxial cable, fibre and shielded twisted pair are all cabling used in Ethernet. An access point belongs to a wireless network, which is a different medium.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Webmail interface

A webmail interface keeps the messages on the provider's server and presents them through a browser, so the mail is reachable from any machine with a connection. A local mail program keeps them on one computer.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Malicious code that attaches itself to a program and spreads when that program runs

A virus is malicious code that attaches itself to a host program or file and spreads when that host is executed. It requires a host and human action to propagate - opening a file, running a program. The distinction from its relatives is worth being exact about, since the word is used loosely for all of them. A worm is self-replicating and spreads across a network without a host or user action, which is why worms have caused the fastest-spreading outbreaks. A Trojan disguises itself as legitimate software and does not replicate at all. Ransomware encrypts files and demands payment. Spyware gathers information covertly. The umbrella term for all of them is malware. Antivirus software detects them by known signatures and by heuristic analysis of suspicious behaviour, which is why signature updates matter and why entirely new malware can evade detection at first.