_______ is the process of dividing a link, the physical medium, into logical channels for better efficiency
Answer: C
Correct answer: Multiplexing
Multiplexing divides one physical link into several logical channels - by frequency, by time slot or by code - so that a costly medium carries many conversations at once instead of one.
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Based on the packet’s address, the device that has been designed to forward packets to specific ports is
Answer: D
Correct answer: Switching hub
A switching hub, or switch, reads the destination address in each frame and forwards it only to the port where that address lies, instead of repeating it to every port as a plain hub does.
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P2P is a ............ application architecture.
Answer: A
Correct answer: distributed
In peer-to-peer every node acts as both client and server, so there is no central machine and the work and data are spread across the participants. That is a distributed architecture; client/server is precisely the arrangement it dispenses with.
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Which fields are contained within an IEEE Ethernet frame header?
1. Source and destination MAC address
2. Source and destination network address
3. Source and destination MAC address and source and destination network address
4. FCS field
Answer: A
Correct answer: 1 and 4
An Ethernet frame header carries the source and destination MAC addresses; network-layer addresses live in the IP header inside the frame, where Ethernet neither reads nor uses them.
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WAN stands for
Answer: B
Correct answer: Wide area network
WAN stands for Wide Area Network - a network spanning cities or countries, in contrast with the LAN's single site.
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Which protocol is used to retrieve email from a mail server to a local client ?
Answer: C
Correct answer: POP3
POP3 downloads messages from the server to the client, whereas SMTP is used to send mail outward. The two work together: SMTP delivers a message to the recipient’s server and POP3 or IMAP fetches it from there.
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A small single site network is nothing but a
Answer: D
Correct answer: LAN
A network confined to a single site is a local area network. A MAN covers a city, DSL is an access technology and RAM is memory.
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When static packet filter is used on the router then the statement which is not correct for firewall protection is
Answer: B
Correct answer: Static packet filtering is more secure than dynamic packet filtering
Static filtering judges each packet on its headers alone, with no memory of what has gone before. Stateful and dynamic filtering track connections and so can tell a legitimate reply from an unsolicited packet, which makes them the more secure of the two - so the statement claiming the reverse is the one that does not hold.
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The benefit of using a firewall for LAN is
Answer: C
Correct answer: Both 1 and 2
A firewall does both: it blocks traffic that should not reach the network at all, and it applies rules deciding which of the permitted traffic may reach which internal resources.
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What does the protocol TCP guarantee that UDP does not ?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Reliable, ordered delivery of data
TCP numbers its segments, acknowledges them and retransmits anything lost, so the receiver sees the bytes in the order sent. UDP omits all of that, which is why it is preferred for live video and voice where a late packet is worse than a missing one.
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