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Comprehension Questions and Answers

Direction for [ Question No: 1 To 5 ] :

Direction : Read the passage below and answer the question based on your understanding of the passage. The

functions of local learners in extension programmes vary from place to place and in accordance with the nature and scope of the job to be performed. In a country like India, where a majority of the population is not educated, the local leader has to function as a medium of education for others. The overall function of local leaders is to lead in different ways under a variety of situations. The functions of local leaders are varied, and depend upon specific group functions and the personal abilities they possess. Their role and functions are highly related to each other, and are sometimes mixed so much together that it becomes difficult to differentiate between the two. The major functions of local leaders are to set an example for others to follow. Local leaders are those who show special interest and initiative in a local programme. They are the people who catch new ideas first. They serve the community without a profit motive. The satisfaction they get from their own action is their only reward and incentive. They do have other motives for taking initiative, but those are part of the psychological aspect of motivation. Groups are dependent on leaders and without them they are helpless; leadership is associated with responsibility, what the leader does or fails to do directly affects the welfare of the group. The action of the group also affects the leader. The group usually helps him by according him respect and power. Mutual confidence permits the leader to have wide discretion and broad powers. What a local leader can easily do may require considerable time and effort for another.

1.

Which concern is primary in nature to the writer of this paragraph ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

The passage is mainly about the functions of local leaders in extension programmes and the roles they play, so the primary concern of the writer is the role and functions of local leaders. The statements that leaders show special interest and initiative in a local programme, that leadership is associated with responsibility and that leaders lead in different ways in different situations are points made within the passage in support of that concern, not its main subject. The answer is the role and functions of local leaders.

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2.

The writer emphasizes on :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The writer emphasises that the major function of local leaders is to set an example for others to follow, a point stated directly in the passage. That most of the population in India is not educated, that leaders serve without a profit motive and that the action of the group also affects the leader are supporting details that the writer mentions, not the emphasis. The answer is that the major functions of local leaders are to set an example for others to follow.

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3.

The writer wish to give which message

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The message the writer wishes to give is that groups depend on their leaders and are helpless without them, which the passage states in so many words and links with the leader's responsibility for the welfare of the group. That the leader has to function as a medium of education, that leaders catch new ideas first and that they affect the welfare of the group are details that support this message. The answer is that groups are dependent on leaders and without them they are helpless.

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4.

The writer in this paragraph characterises the primary feature of community leaders as :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The passage describes local leaders as the people who catch new ideas first and show special interest and initiative in a local programme, which the key takes as the primary feature of community leaders. Satisfaction from their own action is described as their reward, not their defining feature, leading in different ways describes the function, and mutual confidence is a relation with the group. The answer is that they catch the idea first.

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5.

According to the author motive of the community leaders

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

According to the passage, local leaders show special interest and initiative in a local programme and serve the community without a profit motive, and the satisfaction they get from their own action is their only reward. The key therefore takes their motive as working for a special interest. Serving for profit is denied by the passage and serving to gain a proper motive is not what it says. The answer is to work for a special interest motive.

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Direction for [ Question No: 6 To 10 ] :

Read the passage below and answer the questions, that follow based on your understanding of the passage :

According to the view of the committee for Review of NPE 1986, almost half of the children in the age group of 6-14 either do not enter the school at all or drop-out at an early stage, since they find school either boring, irrelevant, or threatening. Almost another 40 to 45% of them have to stay away from school due to strong economic compulsions and the demands of home and family life.

By non-formalising the school system, the rigidities of the formal school system may be removed, even when the quality of education in the school has thus improved, segments of child population may still remain outside the school system on account of economic compulsions or their special social situations. To cater their requirements non-formal education will have to be in operation.

The Non-formal Education (NFE) Programme, as an alternative and supportive system for formal education, was developed and introduced in 1979 - 80 as a centrally assisted scheme in ten educationally backward States. Its main goal is to bring the unenrolled and drop-out children of age group 6 - 14 into the fold of primary education in order to achieve the universalisation of elementary education. Eventhough this programme is being implemented throughout India the demand remains unfulfilled.

6.

The writer in this paragraph is primary concerned with

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The writer is primarily concerned with the drop-out problem. The passage begins with the finding that almost half of the children aged 6-14 either never enter school or drop out early, and goes on to explain how non-formal education can reach them, so the main concern is those who are out of school.

Girls' education, neo-literates and skill development are not discussed in the passage, so options B, C and D are wrong.

The line 'almost half of the children in the age group of 6-14 either do not enter the school at all or drop-out' is the main point of the opening paragraph.

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7.

The writer in this paragraph suggested for universalisation of elementary education because of

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

The writer suggests universalisation of elementary education because almost half of the children in the 6-14 age group do not enter school. This statement is in the first lines of the passage and is the reason for the whole argument, option C.

Option A is a means (non-formal education), not the reason; option B is one cause of drop-out, not the reason for universalisation; option D, the quality of education, is mentioned only in passing.

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8.

The writer in this paragraph suggested that Non-formal Education (NFE) programme, as an alternative and supportive system for formal education because of

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

The keyed answer is that non-formal education increases the number of skilled and literate persons, option D. The passage gives NFE as an alternative and supportive system that brings out-of-school children into the fold of primary education, so as to widen literacy.

Options A and B only give facts about its start (1979-80, ten backward States), not the reason for its role. Option C, the special social situation, is a reason for the need of non-formal education in the passage but not for its role as a support to formal education, so D is the best choice.

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9.

The writer in this paragraph try to give message for

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The keyed answer is that the writer gives a message to parents. The passage says that children stay away because of economic compulsions and the demands of home and family life, so it speaks to families to send children to school or to non-formal centres.

The passage does not address planners, school teachers or children outside the school directly, though it concerns them, so the keyed choice is the best of the four rather than a statement made in the text.

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10.

The writer in this paragraph agreed that this programme is being implemented throughout the India the demand remains unfulfilled because of

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

The keyed answer is the lack of people's participation. The passage says the NFE programme runs throughout India but the demand stays unfulfilled, and the lack of involvement of the community is the factor the options point to as the reason.

The passage does not name the cause; options A, B and C (defects in planning, shortage of funds, lack at the implementation level) are possible but are not supported by it, so the keyed option is taken as the best reading.

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