Space Wave Propagation Questions and Answers

Q: MST RADAR is used for :

The keyed use is finding the altitude of cloud base (printed 'attitude').An MST radar (Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere radar), such as the one at the National Atmospheric Research Laboratory at Gadanki in Andhra Pradesh, is a VHF radar that points upward and receives echoes from turbulence and refractive-index variations in the atmosphere. It is used to study winds, turbulence and the structure of the atmosphere at different heights, including the layers associated with clouds.Measuring the speed of vehicles is done by Doppler speed radar, mapping the ground by synthetic aperture radar, and searching surfaces by ground-penetrating or inspection radars, none of which is an MST radar.

Q: CW RADAR gives :

A CW radar gives the radial velocity of the target.A continuous-wave radar transmits an unmodulated signal all the time. A moving target shifts the frequency of the echo by the Doppler effect, by an amount proportional to its velocity towards or away from the radar, and the radar measures this shift. Police speed guns work this way.Because the transmission has no timing marks, an unmodulated CW radar cannot measure the time delay of the echo, so it cannot give range; that needs pulsed or frequency-modulated radar. Radar does not measure a target's colour, and size is not what a CW radar provides.

101.

MST RADAR is used for :

A.Measuring speed of automobiles
B.Mapping the ground
C.Searching surface non uniformities
D.Finding attitude of cloud base

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: D

The keyed use is finding the altitude of cloud base (printed 'attitude').

An MST radar (Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere radar), such as the one at the National Atmospheric Research Laboratory at Gadanki in Andhra Pradesh, is a VHF radar that points upward and receives echoes from turbulence and refractive-index variations in the atmosphere. It is used to study winds, turbulence and the structure of the atmosphere at different heights, including the layers associated with clouds.

Measuring the speed of vehicles is done by Doppler speed radar, mapping the ground by synthetic aperture radar, and searching surfaces by ground-penetrating or inspection radars, none of which is an MST radar.

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102.

CW RADAR gives :

A.Range of target
B.Radial velocity of target
C.Size of the target
D.Colour of the target

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: B

A CW radar gives the radial velocity of the target.

A continuous-wave radar transmits an unmodulated signal all the time. A moving target shifts the frequency of the echo by the Doppler effect, by an amount proportional to its velocity towards or away from the radar, and the radar measures this shift. Police speed guns work this way.

Because the transmission has no timing marks, an unmodulated CW radar cannot measure the time delay of the echo, so it cannot give range; that needs pulsed or frequency-modulated radar. Radar does not measure a target's colour, and size is not what a CW radar provides.

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103.

The following frequency bands are used in microwaves :

I. Ku band
II. Ka band
III. L band
IV. C band

The correct sequence in decreasing frequency is by :

A.II, III, IV, I
B.I, II, III, IV
C.II, I, III, IV
D.II, I, IV, III

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

The correct sequence in decreasing frequency is Ka, Ku, C, L, which is II, I, IV, III, option (D). The Ka band lies at about 26.5 to 40 GHz, the Ku band at about 12 to 18 GHz, the C band at about 4 to 8 GHz and the L band at about 1 to 2 GHz. Option (A) places the L band second, above the Ku and C bands. Option (B) is nearly the reverse order. Option (C) places the L band ahead of the C band, which has a higher frequency.

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