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Statement - Arguments Questions and Answers

Important Instructions
Direction for [ Question No: 1 To 2 ] :

In each of the questions below is given a statement and followed by two arguments/assumptions numbered I and II. Consider the arguments/assumptions and decide which is correct.

1.

Statement : National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India is responsible for the protection and promotion of Human Rights, defined by the Act as rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the International Covenants.

Argument I : On the violation of Human Rights, NHRC can initiate an inquiry on their own or against a petition filed by a victim.
Argument II : NHRC promotes and undertakes research about the Human Right issues.

Exam Year(s)

MPPSC State Service - 2022, MPPSC Forest Service - 2022,

Answer: C

Arguments I and II are both strong.

Both arguments accurately describe how the NHRC carries out the role set out in the statement. Under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, the Commission can inquire into a violation of human rights on its own motion or on a petition presented by a victim or on the victim's behalf, which is argument I, and it is required to undertake and promote research in the field of human rights, which is argument II.

Each therefore directly supports the statement that the NHRC protects and promotes human rights, one on the protection side and one on the promotion side, so options rating only one of them, or neither, as strong are wrong.

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2.

Statement : In crowded public places like market, buses, trains, one should cover his/her mouth while coughing and sneezing.

Argument I : Germs of deadly diseases such as tuberculosis spread through droplets of cough/sneeze.
Argument II : Chances of getting infected from deadly diseases such as tuberculosis is high if you visit crowded public places frequently.

Exam Year(s)

MPPSC State Service - 2022, MPPSC Forest Service - 2022,

Answer: C

Arguments I and II are both strong.

Argument I gives the scientific reason for the advice: diseases such as tuberculosis spread through droplets released when people cough or sneeze, so covering the mouth stops the droplets reaching others.

Argument II explains why the advice matters most in crowded places: with many people close together, the chance of infection is high. Both arguments are relevant and directly support the statement, so options rating only one of them as strong, or neither, are wrong.

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Direction for [ Question No: 3 To 10 ] :

Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument. Give answer: (A) If only argument I is strong (B) If only argument II is strong (C) If either I or II is strong (D) If neither I nor II is strong (E) If both I and II are strong.

3.

Statement: Should India encourage exports, when most things are insufficient for internal use itself?

Arguments:

1. Yes. We have to earn foreign exchange to pay for our imports.

2. No. Even selective encouragement would lead to shortages.

Answer: A

Clearly, India can export only the surplus and that which can be saved after fulfilling its own needs, to pay for its imports. Encouragement to export cannot lead to shortages as it shall provide the resources for imports. So, only argument I holds.

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4.

Statement: Should all the drugs patented and manufactured in Western countries be first tried out on sample basis before giving licence for sale to general public in India?

Arguments:

1. Yes. Many such drugs require different doses and duration for Indian population and hence it is necessary.

2. No. This is just not feasible and hence cannot be implemented.

Answer: A

Clearly, health of the citizens is an issue of major concern for the Government. So, a product like drugs, must be first studied and tested in the Indian context before giving licence for its sale. So, only argument I holds strong

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5.

Statement: Should India make efforts to harness solar energy to fulfil its energy requirements?

Arguments:

1. Yes, Most of the energy sources used at present are exhaustible.

2. No. Harnessing solar energy requires a lot of capital, which India lacks.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Only argument I is strong

Argument 1 gives the decisive reason: the fuels now in use will run out, while sunlight will not. Argument 2 raises the cost of harnessing it, but a large initial outlay is a reason for planning the investment rather than for forgoing the source. Only I is strong.

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6.

Statement: Should there be students union in college/university?

Arguments:

1. No. This will create a political atmosphere in the campus.

2. Yes, it is very necessary Students are future political leaders

Answer: E

The students union formation shall be a step towards giving to students the basic education in the field of politics. However, it shall create the same political atmosphere in the campus. Thus, both the arguments hold strong

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7.

Statement: Should India give away Kashmir to Pakistan?

Arguments:

1. No. Kashmir is a beautiful state. It earns a lot of foreign exchange for India.

2. Yes. This would help settle conflicts

Answer: A

Clearly, India cannot part with a state that is a major foreign exchange earner to it. So, argument I holds strong. Further, giving away a piece of land unconditionally and unreasonably is no solution to settle disputes. So, argument II is vague.

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8.

Statement: Should cottage industries be encouraged in rural areas?

Arguments:

1. Yes. Rural people are creative.

2. Yes. This would help to solve the problem of unemployment to some extent.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Only argument II is strong

Argument 2 names a real benefit: cottage industry provides work where little other employment exists. Argument 1 offers a compliment rather than a reason - creativity is not peculiar to rural people and does not by itself justify the policy. Only II is strong.

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9.

Statement: Should young entrepreneurs be encouraged?

Arguments:

1. Yes. They will help in industrial development of the country.

2. Yes. They will reduce the burden on employment market.

Answer: E

Clearly, encouraging the young entrepreneurs will open up the field for the establishment of new industries. Thus, it shall help in industrial development and not only employ the entrepreneurs but create more job opportunities for others as well. So, both the arguments hold strong

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10.

Statement: Should all the annual examinations up to Std. V be abolished?

Arguments:

1. Yes. The young students should not be burdened with such examinations which hampers their natural growth.

2. No. The students will not study seriously as they will get automatic promotion to the next class and this will affect them in future.

Answer: E

Correct answer: Both I and II are strong

Both arguments bear on the question and both carry weight. Formal examinations do press on children who are still growing, which is argument 1; and without any test pupils may not work at all, which is argument 2. The decision turns on weighing the two. Both are strong.

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