Match List I (Authors) with List II (Books) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the list :List IList II(a) Ralph Braibanti(1) Political and Administrative Development(b) Fred W. Riggs(2) Temporal Dimensions of Development Administration(c) Dwight Waldo(3) Development Administration in Asia(d) Edward W. Weidner(4) Frontiers of Development Administration

The correct matching is (a)-(1), (b)-(4), (c)-(2), (d)-(3).Author or editorBookRalph BraibantiPolitical and Administrative DevelopmentFred W. RiggsFrontiers of Development AdministrationDwight WaldoTemporal Dimensions of Development AdministrationEdward W. WeidnerDevelopment Administration in AsiaAll four are edited volumes from the Comparative Administration Group's work around 1969 and 1970. The code that simply runs 1, 2, 3, 4 gives Riggs Waldo's book; the others mismatch Braibanti from the first pair.

Comparative and Development Administration Questions and Answers

Q: Assertion (A) and Reason (R) pattern :Assertion (A) : The Price-Indeterminacy promotes a bazar like atmosphere in a prismatic society.Reason (R) : In a prismatic economy 'arena' as well as 'market' factors coexist simultaneously.Answer the question using the codes given below :

The answer is both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct reason of (A).In Fred Riggs's prismatic model, the economy is a bazaar-canteen: prices are not fixed by an impersonal market but vary with who the buyer is, a condition Riggs called price indeterminacy.The reason it arises is that 'market' factors (supply and demand) operate alongside 'arena' factors (status, kinship and power), so both coexist in setting prices. The reason therefore explains the assertion, ruling out the other options.

Q: Which programme is launched in 1980 ?

The programme launched in 1980 is the National Rural Employment Programme.NREP was started in October 1980, under the Sixth Five-Year Plan, replacing the Food for Work Programme. It provided wage employment in rural areas while creating durable community assets.The Integrated Rural Development Programme was introduced in 1978-79 in selected blocks and only extended to all blocks in 1980, so the key treats it as an earlier programme. The Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana dates from 1999, when it restructured the Jawahar Rozgar Yojana, and the Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana from 2000-01.

Q: There are four categories of local governments in France. Which of the following is their correct order ?

The order is Department, Arrondisment, Canton and Commune, from the largest unit to the smallest.France is divided into departments, created in 1790 and headed for the state by a prefect. Each department is divided into arrondissements under a sub-prefect, the arrondissement into cantons, which serve mainly as electoral districts, and the commune is the basic unit of local government, with its own mayor and municipal council.The other options mix the levels: they put the commune or canton above the department, or the commune between the department and the arrondissement, which breaks the hierarchy. Regions were later added above the departments, but they are not among these four.

Q: Which of the following elements is not important element of Development Administration ?

The element that does not belong is bureaucracy oriented.Development administration, as described by Weidner and Riggs, is goal-oriented and change-oriented: it directs administration towards planned development goals, relies on planned and co-ordinated effort across agencies, and values creativity and innovation in methods.An orientation towards bureaucracy, meaning rules, procedure, hierarchy and maintaining the status quo, is the mark of traditional or law-and-order administration. Development administration was put forward precisely as a contrast to it, so the other three options are among its important elements.

Q: Consider the following statement with reference to the Department in France :(1) Majority of the Departments in France are named after some freedom fighters(2) Areawise the largest Department in France is in the city of ParisChoose the correct options :

Neither statement is correct, so the answer is Neither (1) nor (2).Most French departments, created in 1790, were deliberately named after natural features such as rivers, mountains and coasts (Seine, Loire, Pyrenees, Alpes), not after people. Statement (1) is wrong.Paris, a city that is also a department, is the smallest department by area, not the largest. The largest department in metropolitan France is Gironde, and the largest of all is French Guiana overseas. Statement (2) is wrong too, which rules out the other three options.

Q: Assertion (A) and Reason (R) Pattern :Assertion (A) : Sustainable Development emphasizes use of renewable sources.Reason (R) : Solar energy and wind power technologies are very costly and difficult to use.Answer the question using the codes given below :Codes :

(A) is true, but (R) is false.Sustainable development, meeting present needs without compromising those of future generations, does emphasise renewable sources of energy over finite and polluting fossil fuels. The Assertion is true.The Reason is false. The costs of solar and wind power have fallen steeply and they are now among the cheapest sources of new electricity in many countries, including India, where they are widely installed. In any case a claim that renewables are costly and difficult would be an argument against the Assertion, not an explanation of it.

Q: Which one of the following indicators is not a component of the Human Development Index (HDI) ?

The infant mortality rate is not a component of the HDI.The UNDP's Human Development Index combines three dimensions: a long and healthy life, measured by life expectancy at birth; knowledge, measured by mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling; and a decent standard of living, measured by gross national income per capita.Life expectancy, GNI and mean years of schooling are therefore all components. Infant mortality affects life expectancy, but it is not itself one of the index's indicators.

Q: Sustainable Development is a process of change it means :(1) Direction of investments(2) Orientation of technological development(3) Exploitation of resources(4) Study of natureCodes :

The process of change involves (1), (2) and (3).The Brundtland Report, Our Common Future (1987), described sustainable development as a process of change in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of investments, the orientation of technological development and institutional change are made consistent with future as well as present needs.Direction of investments, orientation of technological development and exploitation of resources are all in that description. The 'study of nature' is not, so the option with all four is wrong, and the two-item options leave out elements that are in it.

51.

Assertion (A) and Reason (R) pattern :

Assertion (A) : The Price-Indeterminacy promotes a bazar like atmosphere in a prismatic society.
Reason (R) : In a prismatic economy 'arena' as well as 'market' factors coexist simultaneously.

Answer the question using the codes given below :

A.Both (A) and (R) true and (R) is the correct reason of (A)
B.(A) is false, but (R) is true
C.Both (A) and (R) are false
D.Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct reason of (A)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: A

The answer is both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct reason of (A).

In Fred Riggs's prismatic model, the economy is a bazaar-canteen: prices are not fixed by an impersonal market but vary with who the buyer is, a condition Riggs called price indeterminacy.

The reason it arises is that 'market' factors (supply and demand) operate alongside 'arena' factors (status, kinship and power), so both coexist in setting prices. The reason therefore explains the assertion, ruling out the other options.

Discuss in Forum

52.

Which programme is launched in 1980 ?

A.Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana
B.Integrated Rural Development Programme
C.Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana
D.National Rural Employment Programme

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: D

The programme launched in 1980 is the National Rural Employment Programme.

NREP was started in October 1980, under the Sixth Five-Year Plan, replacing the Food for Work Programme. It provided wage employment in rural areas while creating durable community assets.

The Integrated Rural Development Programme was introduced in 1978-79 in selected blocks and only extended to all blocks in 1980, so the key treats it as an earlier programme. The Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana dates from 1999, when it restructured the Jawahar Rozgar Yojana, and the Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana from 2000-01.

Discuss in Forum

53.

There are four categories of local governments in France. Which of the following is their correct order ?

A.Department, Arrondisment, Canton and Commune
B.Commune, Department, Canton and Arrondisment
C.Canton, Arrondisment, Commune and Department
D.Department, Commune, Arrondisment and Canton

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: A

The order is Department, Arrondisment, Canton and Commune, from the largest unit to the smallest.

France is divided into departments, created in 1790 and headed for the state by a prefect. Each department is divided into arrondissements under a sub-prefect, the arrondissement into cantons, which serve mainly as electoral districts, and the commune is the basic unit of local government, with its own mayor and municipal council.

The other options mix the levels: they put the commune or canton above the department, or the commune between the department and the arrondissement, which breaks the hierarchy. Regions were later added above the departments, but they are not among these four.

Discuss in Forum

54.

Match List I (Authors) with List II (Books) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the list :

List I	List II
(a) Ralph Braibanti	(1) Political and Administrative Development
(b) Fred W. Riggs	(2) Temporal Dimensions of Development Administration
(c) Dwight Waldo	(3) Development Administration in Asia
(d) Edward W. Weidner	(4) Frontiers of Development Administration

A.(a)-(1), (b)-(2), (c)-(3), (d)-(4)
B.(a)-(1), (b)-(4), (c)-(2), (d)-(3)
C.(a)-(4), (b)-(3), (c)-(2), (d)-(1)
D.(a)-(2), (b)-(1), (c)-(4), (d)-(3)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: B

The correct matching is (a)-(1), (b)-(4), (c)-(2), (d)-(3).

Author or editor	Book
Ralph Braibanti	Political and Administrative Development
Fred W. Riggs	Frontiers of Development Administration
Dwight Waldo	Temporal Dimensions of Development Administration
Edward W. Weidner	Development Administration in Asia

All four are edited volumes from the Comparative Administration Group's work around 1969 and 1970. The code that simply runs 1, 2, 3, 4 gives Riggs Waldo's book; the others mismatch Braibanti from the first pair.

Discuss in Forum

55.

Which of the following elements is not important element of Development Administration ?

A.Bureaucracy oriented
B.Goal-oriented
C.Planned and Co-ordinated efforts
D.Creativity and innovativeness

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: A

The element that does not belong is bureaucracy oriented.

Development administration, as described by Weidner and Riggs, is goal-oriented and change-oriented: it directs administration towards planned development goals, relies on planned and co-ordinated effort across agencies, and values creativity and innovation in methods.

An orientation towards bureaucracy, meaning rules, procedure, hierarchy and maintaining the status quo, is the mark of traditional or law-and-order administration. Development administration was put forward precisely as a contrast to it, so the other three options are among its important elements.

Discuss in Forum

56.

Consider the following statement with reference to the Department in France :

(1) Majority of the Departments in France are named after some freedom fighters
(2) Areawise the largest Department in France is in the city of Paris

Choose the correct options :

A.Only (1)
B.Only (2)
C.Both (1) and (2)
D.Neither (1) nor (2)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: D

Neither statement is correct, so the answer is Neither (1) nor (2).

Most French departments, created in 1790, were deliberately named after natural features such as rivers, mountains and coasts (Seine, Loire, Pyrenees, Alpes), not after people. Statement (1) is wrong.

Paris, a city that is also a department, is the smallest department by area, not the largest. The largest department in metropolitan France is Gironde, and the largest of all is French Guiana overseas. Statement (2) is wrong too, which rules out the other three options.

Discuss in Forum

57.

Assertion (A) and Reason (R) Pattern :

Assertion (A) : The important task of the government is to promote and carry out innovation for development.
Reason (R) : Development Administration is the adoption of new structures, procedures and policies which would help to achieve developmental objectives with the greatest possible facilitation.

Answer the question using the codes given below :

Codes :

A.Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct reason of (A)
B.(A) is true, but (R) is false
C.Both (A) and (R) are false
D.Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is not correct reason of (A)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: A

Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct reason of (A).

In developing countries the state is expected to lead economic and social change, so promoting and carrying out innovation for development is one of the government's central tasks. The Assertion is true.

The Reason defines development administration as the adoption of new structures, procedures and policies to achieve developmental objectives. If development administration is itself about adopting what is new, then innovation becomes a core task of government, so (R) explains (A). Neither statement is false, which rules out the options calling either false or unrelated.

Discuss in Forum

58.

Assertion (A) and Reason (R) Pattern :

Assertion (A) : Sustainable Development emphasizes use of renewable sources.
Reason (R) : Solar energy and wind power technologies are very costly and difficult to use.

Answer the question using the codes given below :

Codes :

A.Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct reason of (A)
B.(A) is true, but (R) is false
C.Both (A) and (R) are false
D.Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not correct reason of (A)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: B

(A) is true, but (R) is false.

Sustainable development, meeting present needs without compromising those of future generations, does emphasise renewable sources of energy over finite and polluting fossil fuels. The Assertion is true.

The Reason is false. The costs of solar and wind power have fallen steeply and they are now among the cheapest sources of new electricity in many countries, including India, where they are widely installed. In any case a claim that renewables are costly and difficult would be an argument against the Assertion, not an explanation of it.

Discuss in Forum

59.

Which one of the following indicators is not a component of the Human Development Index (HDI) ?

A.Life expectancy at birth
B.Gross National Income
C.Mean year of schooling
D.Infant mortality rate

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: D

The infant mortality rate is not a component of the HDI.

The UNDP's Human Development Index combines three dimensions: a long and healthy life, measured by life expectancy at birth; knowledge, measured by mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling; and a decent standard of living, measured by gross national income per capita.

Life expectancy, GNI and mean years of schooling are therefore all components. Infant mortality affects life expectancy, but it is not itself one of the index's indicators.

Discuss in Forum

60.

Sustainable Development is a process of change it means :

(1) Direction of investments
(2) Orientation of technological development
(3) Exploitation of resources
(4) Study of nature

Codes :

A.(1) and (2)
B.(2) and (3)
C.(1), (2) and (3)
D.(1), (2), (3) and (4)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: C

The process of change involves (1), (2) and (3).

The Brundtland Report, Our Common Future (1987), described sustainable development as a process of change in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of investments, the orientation of technological development and institutional change are made consistent with future as well as present needs.

Direction of investments, orientation of technological development and exploitation of resources are all in that description. The 'study of nature' is not, so the option with all four is wrong, and the two-item options leave out elements that are in it.

Comparative and Development Administration Questions and Answers

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