Indian Administration Questions and Answers

Q: It lays down the full blueprint of personnel processes :

The keyed answer is Manpower Planning.Manpower (human resource) planning estimates how many people of what kinds an organisation will need and when, and from it follow recruitment, training, promotion and the other personnel processes. In that sense it is the plan on which those processes are laid out, which is the reading the key takes.I could not find a standard text that uses the phrase 'full blueprint of personnel processes', so the key is kept as printed and not independently confirmed. The other options are weaker: executive decisions are individual acts, administrative rules regulate how work is done, and constitutional provisions (such as Articles 309 to 323 on the services and Public Service Commissions) give only the legal framework and not a plan for the processes themselves.

Q: Even a brilliant training cannot repair a faulty :

Even the best training cannot repair a faulty recruitment.Recruitment is called the cornerstone of the public personnel system, a phrase associated with O. Glenn Stahl. If people without the right aptitude are taken in, no amount of later training will turn them into good public servants, because training can only build on the qualities a recruit already has.Placement, procedure and organisation can all be corrected after the event: a misplaced official can be moved, procedures can be revised and an organisation can be restructured. A poor intake stays in the service for a whole career, which is why recruitment is the one that training cannot put right.

Q: Morale is improved by the concept of :

Morale is improved by teamwork.Morale is the spirit of a group: the confidence, enthusiasm and willingness with which its members work together towards common goals. Fayol's principle of esprit de corps, 'union is strength', makes the same point, and the human relations school showed that a sense of belonging to a cohesive team raises satisfaction and effort.Authority, hierarchy and accountability are devices of control. They are needed in any organisation, but by themselves they produce compliance rather than the willing co-operation that defines good morale, so they are not the concept by which morale is raised.

Q: The focus of performance appraisal is on :

The focus of performance appraisal is on professional accomplishments.Performance appraisal is the periodic evaluation of how well an employee has done the job: the work achieved against targets and the professional competence shown. Modern appraisal systems moved away from rating personal traits towards measuring results in the job.Personal accomplishments outside work are not its concern. Performance skill is one input to achievement rather than the achievement itself, and values and attitudes are the kind of personality traits that older trait-rating systems were criticised for judging subjectively. So option A is the focus.

Q: Before 1947 the British Raj in India was .............

The British Raj was a regulatory administration.Colonial administration in India was concerned above all with maintaining law and order and collecting revenue, the functions needed to keep British rule secure and profitable. Its typical officers, the collector and the district magistrate, regulated and controlled; development and welfare were marginal to its purpose.It was not a welfare administration: the welfare state and planned development came only after independence. Services administration and finance administration describe particular functions within government, not the character of the Raj as a whole.

Q: During the Mahabharata period, the state has been called as :

The key gives Saptanghi, the state of seven limbs.In the Shanti Parva of the Mahabharata, the discussion of rajadharma describes the state as made up of seven limbs (saptanga): the king, the ministers, the ally, the treasury, the territory, the fort and the army. The same seven-limb theory is set out in Kautilya's Arthashastra, and it is the characteristic description of the state in that period.Rashtra means the realm or territory and is only one of the seven limbs. Janapada was the territorial state of the later Vedic and Mahajanapada age. Vish was the Vedic word for the clan or the people as a whole. None of these describes the state as an organic whole of seven parts.

Q: The civil service system in India during the British times was based essentially on :

The key gives the Mughal System.Standard accounts of Indian administration stress that the British did not build their civil administration from nothing. They took over the Mughal framework: the province and district as units of administration, land revenue as the core function, and offices such as the district revenue officer, which became the Collector. The Company first entered the administration as diwan, the Mughal revenue authority, in 1765. On this reading the civil service system was based essentially on Mughal foundations.The European and modern systems were influences on recruitment and training rather than the base of the structure, and the ancient Indian system had long been overlaid by the Sultanate and Mughal administrations by the time the British arrived.

Q: Recruitment to the ICS came to be based totally on merit, after :

Recruitment to the ICS became wholly based on merit after 1855.The Charter Act of 1853 ended the East India Company's system of patronage, under which the Directors nominated candidates for the covenanted service. Following the Macaulay Committee's report of 1854, the first open competitive examination was held in London in 1855, and from then on entry depended on performance in the examination.1773 is the year of the Regulating Act, which concerned the Company's government, not recruitment. 1892 is the year of the Indian Councils Act. 1922 is the year simultaneous ICS examinations began to be held in India as well as in London, which widened access but did not introduce merit.

Q: Which one of the following constitutional powers is not enjoyed by the President of India ?

The President does not enjoy discretionary powers under the Constitution.Article 74(1) requires the President to act on the advice of the Council of Ministers, and since the 42nd Amendment (1976) that advice is binding. The 44th Amendment (1978) allows the President to return advice once for reconsideration, but he must then act on it. Unlike the Governor, for whom Article 163 expressly recognises discretion, the Constitution gives the President no express discretionary power.The other three are constitutional powers he does enjoy: he appoints Governors under Article 155, grants pardons under Article 72 and promulgates ordinances under Article 123.

Q: Who did not act as the Deputy Prime Minister of India ?

Lal Bahadur Shastri never acted as Deputy Prime Minister.Shastri served as a Union minister, including as Home Minister, and became Prime Minister in 1964 after Nehru's death, but he never held the post of Deputy Prime Minister.The other three did. Morarji Desai was Deputy Prime Minister under Indira Gandhi from 1967 to 1969. Charan Singh held the post in the Janata government in 1979 before becoming Prime Minister. Devi Lal was Deputy Prime Minister from 1989 to 1991 under V. P. Singh and Chandra Shekhar. Other holders of the office include Sardar Patel, Jagjivan Ram, Y. B. Chavan and L. K. Advani.

11.

It lays down the full blueprint of personnel processes :

A.Executive Decisions
B.Administrative Rules
C.Constitutional Provisions
D.Manpower Planning

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: D

The keyed answer is Manpower Planning.

Manpower (human resource) planning estimates how many people of what kinds an organisation will need and when, and from it follow recruitment, training, promotion and the other personnel processes. In that sense it is the plan on which those processes are laid out, which is the reading the key takes.

I could not find a standard text that uses the phrase 'full blueprint of personnel processes', so the key is kept as printed and not independently confirmed. The other options are weaker: executive decisions are individual acts, administrative rules regulate how work is done, and constitutional provisions (such as Articles 309 to 323 on the services and Public Service Commissions) give only the legal framework and not a plan for the processes themselves.

Discuss in Forum

12.

Even a brilliant training cannot repair a faulty :

A.Recruitment
B.Placement
C.Procedure
D.Organization

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: A

Even the best training cannot repair a faulty recruitment.

Recruitment is called the cornerstone of the public personnel system, a phrase associated with O. Glenn Stahl. If people without the right aptitude are taken in, no amount of later training will turn them into good public servants, because training can only build on the qualities a recruit already has.

Placement, procedure and organisation can all be corrected after the event: a misplaced official can be moved, procedures can be revised and an organisation can be restructured. A poor intake stays in the service for a whole career, which is why recruitment is the one that training cannot put right.

Discuss in Forum

13.

Morale is improved by the concept of :

A.Authority
B.Hierarchy
C.Teamwork
D.Accountability

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: C

Morale is improved by teamwork.

Morale is the spirit of a group: the confidence, enthusiasm and willingness with which its members work together towards common goals. Fayol's principle of esprit de corps, 'union is strength', makes the same point, and the human relations school showed that a sense of belonging to a cohesive team raises satisfaction and effort.

Authority, hierarchy and accountability are devices of control. They are needed in any organisation, but by themselves they produce compliance rather than the willing co-operation that defines good morale, so they are not the concept by which morale is raised.

Discuss in Forum

14.

The focus of performance appraisal is on :

A.Professional Accomplishments
B.Personal Accomplishments
C.Performance Skill
D.Value attitudes

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: A

The focus of performance appraisal is on professional accomplishments.

Performance appraisal is the periodic evaluation of how well an employee has done the job: the work achieved against targets and the professional competence shown. Modern appraisal systems moved away from rating personal traits towards measuring results in the job.

Personal accomplishments outside work are not its concern. Performance skill is one input to achievement rather than the achievement itself, and values and attitudes are the kind of personality traits that older trait-rating systems were criticised for judging subjectively. So option A is the focus.

Discuss in Forum

15.

Before 1947 the British Raj in India was .............

A.a regulatory administration
B.services administration
C.finance administration
D.welfare administration

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: A

The British Raj was a regulatory administration.

Colonial administration in India was concerned above all with maintaining law and order and collecting revenue, the functions needed to keep British rule secure and profitable. Its typical officers, the collector and the district magistrate, regulated and controlled; development and welfare were marginal to its purpose.

It was not a welfare administration: the welfare state and planned development came only after independence. Services administration and finance administration describe particular functions within government, not the character of the Raj as a whole.

Discuss in Forum

16.

During the Mahabharata period, the state has been called as :

A.Rashtra
B.Saptanghi
C.Janapada
D.Vish

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: B

The key gives Saptanghi, the state of seven limbs.

In the Shanti Parva of the Mahabharata, the discussion of rajadharma describes the state as made up of seven limbs (saptanga): the king, the ministers, the ally, the treasury, the territory, the fort and the army. The same seven-limb theory is set out in Kautilya's Arthashastra, and it is the characteristic description of the state in that period.

Rashtra means the realm or territory and is only one of the seven limbs. Janapada was the territorial state of the later Vedic and Mahajanapada age. Vish was the Vedic word for the clan or the people as a whole. None of these describes the state as an organic whole of seven parts.

Discuss in Forum

17.

The civil service system in India during the British times was based essentially on :

A.European System
B.Modern System
C.The Ancient Indian System
D.The Mughal System

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: D

The key gives the Mughal System.

Standard accounts of Indian administration stress that the British did not build their civil administration from nothing. They took over the Mughal framework: the province and district as units of administration, land revenue as the core function, and offices such as the district revenue officer, which became the Collector. The Company first entered the administration as diwan, the Mughal revenue authority, in 1765. On this reading the civil service system was based essentially on Mughal foundations.

The European and modern systems were influences on recruitment and training rather than the base of the structure, and the ancient Indian system had long been overlaid by the Sultanate and Mughal administrations by the time the British arrived.

Discuss in Forum

18.

Recruitment to the ICS came to be based totally on merit, after :

A.1773
B.1855
C.1892
D.1922

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: B

Recruitment to the ICS became wholly based on merit after 1855.

The Charter Act of 1853 ended the East India Company's system of patronage, under which the Directors nominated candidates for the covenanted service. Following the Macaulay Committee's report of 1854, the first open competitive examination was held in London in 1855, and from then on entry depended on performance in the examination.

1773 is the year of the Regulating Act, which concerned the Company's government, not recruitment. 1892 is the year of the Indian Councils Act. 1922 is the year simultaneous ICS examinations began to be held in India as well as in London, which widened access but did not introduce merit.

Discuss in Forum

19.

Which one of the following constitutional powers is not enjoyed by the President of India ?

A.Appointment of Governors of State
B.Enjoys discretionary powers
C.Grants pardons
D.Promulgates ordinances

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: B

The President does not enjoy discretionary powers under the Constitution.

Article 74(1) requires the President to act on the advice of the Council of Ministers, and since the 42nd Amendment (1976) that advice is binding. The 44th Amendment (1978) allows the President to return advice once for reconsideration, but he must then act on it. Unlike the Governor, for whom Article 163 expressly recognises discretion, the Constitution gives the President no express discretionary power.

The other three are constitutional powers he does enjoy: he appoints Governors under Article 155, grants pardons under Article 72 and promulgates ordinances under Article 123.

Discuss in Forum

20.

Who did not act as the Deputy Prime Minister of India ?

A.Morarji Desai
B.Charansingh
C.Lal Bahadur Shastri
D.Devi Lal

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: C

Lal Bahadur Shastri never acted as Deputy Prime Minister.

Shastri served as a Union minister, including as Home Minister, and became Prime Minister in 1964 after Nehru's death, but he never held the post of Deputy Prime Minister.

The other three did. Morarji Desai was Deputy Prime Minister under Indira Gandhi from 1967 to 1969. Charan Singh held the post in the Janata government in 1979 before becoming Prime Minister. Devi Lal was Deputy Prime Minister from 1989 to 1991 under V. P. Singh and Chandra Shekhar. Other holders of the office include Sardar Patel, Jagjivan Ram, Y. B. Chavan and L. K. Advani.

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