Evolution of Human Rights Standards Questions and Answers

101.

Match List - I with List - II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :

List - I	List - II
a. Glorious Revolution	i. 1215
b. Petition of Rights	ii. 1688
c. Magna Carta	iii. 1689
d. Bill of Rights	iv. 1628

Codes : a b c d

A.ii iii i iv
B.ii iii iv i
C.i ii iv iii
D.ii iv i iii

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

The Glorious Revolution is 1688 (ii), the Petition of Right is 1628 (iv), Magna Carta is 1215 (i) and the Bill of Rights is 1689 (iii), giving the code ii iv i iii. The Glorious Revolution drove out James II in 1688, and the Bill of Rights of 1689 followed to limit the Crown. Charles I accepted the Petition in 1628, and King John sealed Magna Carta in 1215. The other codes swap these years.

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102.

Match List - I with List - II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :

List - I	List - II
a. Vienna Declaration	i. 1993
b. Rio Declaration	ii. 1992
c. Copenhagen Declaration	iii. 1980
d. Beijing Declaration	iv. 1995

Codes : a b c d

A.ii iii iv i
B.iii i ii iv
C.iv ii iii i
D.i ii iii iv

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

The matching is Vienna Declaration 1993 (i), Rio Declaration 1992 (ii), Copenhagen Declaration 1980 (iii) as given in the list, and Beijing Declaration 1995 (iv), so the code is i ii iii iv. The Vienna World Conference on Human Rights was in 1993, the Rio Earth Summit in 1992 and the Beijing women's conference in 1995. The other three codes put at least one of these years against the wrong item.

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103.

Match List - I with List - II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :

List - I (Instrument)	List - II (Year of Adoption)
a. International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination	i. 1950
b. Convention on the Political Rights of Women	ii. 1952
c. Convention on the Rights of the Child	iii. 1965
d. Convention relating to the status of Refugees	iv. 1989

Codes : a b c d

A.i iii ii iv
B.iii ii i iv
C.ii i iii iv
D.iii ii iv i

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination is 1965 (iii), the Convention on the Political Rights of Women is 1952 (ii), the Convention on the Rights of the Child is 1989 (iv), and the Convention relating to the status of Refugees takes the year left in the list, 1950 (i), so the code is iii ii iv i. The Refugee Convention itself was adopted in 1951 after the 1950 statute of the UN refugee office, but the other three years are fixed, and 1950 is the only one left.

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104.

Match the Articles of International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights given in List - I with their corresponding rights given in

List - II :

List - I	List - II
a. Article 6	i. Right to Education
b. Article 7	ii. Right to Work
c. Article 8	iii. Right to form and join Trade Union
d. Article 13	iv. Right to enjoyment of just and favourable conditions of work

Codes : a b c d

A.iv ii i iii
B.iii i ii iv
C.ii iv iii i
D.i ii iii iv

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

In the Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Article 6 is the right to work (ii), Article 7 the right to just and favourable conditions of work (iv), Article 8 the right to form and join trade unions (iii), and Article 13 the right to education (i), so the code is ii iv iii i. Article 11 deals with an adequate standard of living and Article 12 with health. The other codes assign these articles to the wrong rights.

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105.

Arrange the following in chronological order :

(i) African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
(ii) Arab Charter on Human Rights
(iii) American Convention on Human Rights
(iv) European Convention on Human Rights
Codes :

A.(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
B.(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
C.(iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
D.(ii) (i) (iii) (iv)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

The chronological order is the European Convention on Human Rights (1950), the American Convention (1969), the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (1981) and the Arab Charter on Human Rights (1994), that is (iv) (iii) (i) (ii). The other codes place the African or Arab charter before the European or American convention, but those two were adopted decades earlier.

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106.

Arrange the following in chronological order :

(i) Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
(ii) Declaration of the Rights of the Child.
(iii) Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.
(iv) Declaration on the Right to Development.
Codes :

A.(ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
B.(iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
C.(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
D.(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights came in 1948, the Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1959, the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination in 1963 and the Declaration on the Right to Development in 1986. The order is (i) (ii) (iii) (iv). The other codes start with a later instrument, or put the Right to Development ahead of the earlier declarations. Between these, the Racial Discrimination declaration of 1963 led to the Convention of 1965, while the Right to Development was adopted by the General Assembly in 1986.

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107.

The first International Conference on Human Rights is also known as :

A.Vienna Conference
B.Tehran Conference
C.Helsinki Conference
D.Bandung Conference

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The first International Conference on Human Rights, held by the United Nations in 1968 on the twentieth anniversary of the Universal Declaration, met at Tehran and is known as the Tehran Conference. It produced the Proclamation of Tehran, which stressed that human rights are indivisible.

The Vienna Conference (1993) was the second world conference. The Helsinki Conference (1975) produced the Helsinki Final Act on European security. The Bandung Conference (1955) brought Asian and African states together on decolonisation and was not a human rights conference.

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108.

The International Human Rights Day is observed on

A.25th January
B.1st May
C.10th December
D.24th October

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

International Human Rights Day is observed on 10th December, the day in 1948 on which the UN General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The answer is option C.

25th January is India's National Voters' Day, 1st May is International Labour Day, and 24th October is United Nations Day, the anniversary of the Charter coming into force in 1945.

The Day was proclaimed in 1950 when the Assembly invited states to observe it.

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109.

Which of the following statesman gave his famous 'Fourteen Points' to argue for the rights of the colonies ?

A.Winston Churchill
B.Woodrow Wilson
C.Ramsay MacDonald
D.Franklin D. Roosevelt

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The 'Fourteen Points' were put forward by US President Woodrow Wilson in January 1918 as a basis for peace after the First World War, and they included self-determination and an impartial adjustment of colonial claims, which is why they were cited in arguments about the rights of colonies. The answer is option B.

Churchill, Ramsay MacDonald and Franklin D. Roosevelt are not associated with the Fourteen Points.

Wilson's points included open diplomacy, freedom of the seas, removal of trade barriers, reduction of armaments, and the impartial adjustment of colonial claims with regard to the interests of the populations concerned.

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110.

Assertion (A) : There is a close relationship between the two covenants which have enumerated various civil and political rights and economic, social and cultural rights. It is evident from the fact that Preamble and Articles 1, 2, 3 and 5 are virtually identical in both the covenants.

Reason (R) : Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms are indivisible.
Codes :

A.Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B.Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C.(A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
D.(A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

Both statements are correct and the reason explains the assertion, option A. The two Covenants (ICCPR and ICESCR) are closely related, and their preambles and Articles 1, 2, 3 and 5 are almost identical, which follows from the principle that human rights and fundamental freedoms are indivisible.

Option B accepts both but denies the explanation; options C and D call one of them incorrect.

Evolution of Human Rights Standards Questions and Answers

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