Properly arranged data is called
Answer: C
Correct answer: Information
Data that has been arranged, processed and given context becomes information - something meaningful to the person receiving it. A field is one item within a record, and a file a collection of records.
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A physical connection between the microprocessor memory and other parts of the microcomputer is known as
Answer: B
Correct answer: Address bus
A bus is the set of parallel conductors joining the processor to memory and to the other units. The address bus carries the location being referred to, and its width sets how much memory can be addressed - 16 lines allow 64 KB, 32 lines allow 4 GB. The data bus carries the values themselves and the control bus the timing signals.
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Once you load the suitable program and provide required data, a computer needs no human intervention. This feature is known as
Answer: D
Correct answer: Automatic
Automatic operation is the ability to carry a job through from start to finish once it has been set going - no operator needed between steps. It follows from the stored-program principle: the machine fetches its own next instruction. Accuracy, reliability and versatility are separate qualities.
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What type of control pins are needed in a microprocessor to regulate traffic on the bus, in order to prevent two devices from trying to use it at the same time?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Bus arbitration
Bus arbitration pins decide which device may drive the bus at any moment, so that two masters never attempt to use it at once. Without arbitration, simultaneous drivers would corrupt the data and could damage the drivers themselves.
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Which of the following is used as a primary storage device?
Answer: A
Correct answer: Magnetic drum
The magnetic drum was used as primary storage in early machines - a rotating cylinder with fixed heads, holding the program and data the processor worked on directly. Hard disks, floppies and the rest are secondary storage: the processor cannot execute from them, so their contents must be loaded into main memory first.
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The first computer introduced in Nepal was
Answer: B
Correct answer: IBM 1401
The IBM 1401 was the first computer brought to Nepal, imported in 1971 (2028 BS) for processing the national census. It was a second-generation transistorised machine and by then already elderly, but it did the work.
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A computer is free from tiredness and boredom. This quality is called
Answer: C
Correct answer: Diligence
Diligence is the term for a machine’s ability to perform the same task, hour after hour, without tiring, losing concentration or becoming bored - the millionth calculation is done exactly as carefully as the first. Accuracy is freedom from error, reliability is consistent working, and versatility is the ability to do different kinds of job.
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Which generation of computer is still under development?
Answer: B
Correct answer: Fifth Generation
The fifth generation is the one still being worked towards: machines built round artificial intelligence, natural language, massive parallelism and reasoning rather than mere calculation. The fourth generation, of microprocessors and VLSI, is what we actually use.
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What is the main difference between a mainframe and a super computer?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Supercomputers are focused to execute few programs as fast as possible while mainframe uses its power to execute as many programs concurrently
The difference is in what each optimises. A supercomputer is built for raw speed on a small number of very heavy computations - weather models, simulations - and is measured in floating-point operations per second. A mainframe is built for throughput: thousands of concurrent transactions, with reliability and input-output capacity mattering more than arithmetic speed. Physical size has nothing to do with it.
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Regarding a VDU, which statement is the most complete?
Answer: C
Correct answer: It is a peripheral device
All four statements are true, but peripheral device is the one that covers the whole case. A VDU is a terminal - screen for output, keyboard for input - so calling it purely an output device is incomplete, and “hardware item” is true but says nothing useful.
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