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Laplace Transform in System Analysis Questions and Answers

1.

Find the Laplace transform of \(H(t) = e^{-t} + 2te^{-t}\).

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB AE - 2023,

Answer: C

Use the standard transforms \(\mathcal{L}\{e^{-t}\} = \dfrac{1}{s + 1}\) and \(\mathcal{L}\{te^{-t}\} = \dfrac{1}{(s + 1)^2}\).


\[ \begin{aligned} H(s) = \frac{1}{s + 1} + \frac{2}{(s + 1)^2} \\ &= \frac{(s + 1) + 2}{(s + 1)^2} \\ &= \frac{s + 3}{s^2 + 2s + 1} \end{aligned} \]


That is the third option. The denominator \(1 + 2s + s^2\) is \((s + 1)^2\), so the options with \(2 + s + s^2\) are wrong, and the last option, with numerator 3, lacks the \(s\) from the first term. The answer is option C.

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2.

The Laplace transform of \(\sin 3t\) is ______.

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB AE - 2023,

Answer: A

The Laplace transform of \(\sin at\) is \(\dfrac{a}{s^2 + a^2}\). With \(a = 3\):


\[ \mathcal{L}\{\sin 3t\} = \frac{3}{s^2 + 9} \]


The option with \(s^2 + 3\) uses \(a\) where \(a^2\) is needed, the one with numerator 9 is \(a^2\) in place of \(a\), and the last option would be \(\dfrac{3}{3(s^2 + 3)}\), which does not equal the transform. The answer is option A.

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3.

For the given circuit, determine I(t) in Laplace domain i.e. I(s).

Circuit: a 10 V source in series with a switch closing at t = 0, a 1 ohm resistor and a 1 F capacitor in a single loop, with the current I(t) marked

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB AE - 2023,

Answer: A

When the switch closes at \(t = 0\), a 10 V step is applied to the series combination of the 1 ohm resistor and the 1 F capacitor, with no initial charge. In the Laplace domain the source is \(10/s\) and the impedance is \(R + 1/(sC) = 1 + 1/s\).


\[ \begin{aligned} I(s) = \frac{10/s}{1 + 1/s} \\ &= \frac{10/s}{(s+1)/s} = \frac{10}{s + 1} \end{aligned} \]


In the time domain this is \(i(t) = 10e^{-t}\), the current of the charging capacitor, which starts at 10 A and falls to zero. The option \(10/s\) would be the current in a purely inductive path, and \(10/(s-1)\) would grow without limit. The answer is option A.

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4.

Laplace transform of \(\delta(t - T)\) is :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: C

The Laplace transform of \(\delta(t - T)\) is \(e^{-sT}\).

Using the sifting property of the impulse, for \(T \gt 0\):

\[ \int_{0}^{\infty} \delta(t - T) e^{-st}\, dt = e^{-sT} \]

This is also the time-shift theorem applied to \(\mathcal{L}\{\delta(t)\} = 1\): delaying by T multiplies the transform by \(e^{-sT}\).

'Constant' is the transform of the undelayed impulse \(\delta(t)\). \(1/e^{-sT} = e^{sT}\) would be an advance, not a delay, and \(s e^{-sT}\) is the transform of the derivative of a delayed impulse.

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