Inclusive Education Questions and Answers

Answer: A

Health check-ups in schools resulted from the Persons with Disabilities Act, 1995.

The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 placed a duty on governments to prevent and detect disabilities early. Among the measures in its chapter on prevention and early detection is the screening of all children at least once a year to identify those at risk, which brought regular health check-ups into schools.

The Rehabilitation Council of India Act, 1992 regulates the training of rehabilitation professionals. The Juvenile Justice Act, 1986 dealt with neglected and delinquent juveniles. A reformatory schools law concerns the detention of young offenders. None of them provided for health check-ups in schools.

Answer: C

Forgetting to add the carry-over digit is a feature of dyscalculia.

Dyscalculia is a specific learning disability in mathematics. Children with it have difficulty understanding numbers, place value and arithmetic procedures; forgetting to carry in addition, confusing the order of steps and reversing digits are typical errors.

Dyslexia is a difficulty with reading and spelling, dysgraphia a difficulty with handwriting and written expression, and dyspraxia a difficulty with the planning and coordination of movement. None of them is specifically a difficulty with arithmetic procedures such as carrying.

Answer: D

Problems in writing are a symptom of being learning disabled.

Difficulty in writing, such as poor handwriting, spelling errors and trouble organising ideas on paper, is a typical sign of a learning disability (dysgraphia), in a child whose intelligence and senses are otherwise normal.

Physical, visual or hearing impairment can affect writing, but writing difficulty is not their defining symptom, whereas it is a core sign of specific learning disability.

Answer: C

This is a self-contained classroom.

In a self-contained special education classroom, students with disabilities spend all or most of the school day in a separate class, taught mainly by special education teachers and staff.

In a resource room model, students spend most of the day in the general classroom and visit the resource room for part-time help. Classrooms assisted by a para-educator or an occupational therapist describe support staff, not the service model.

Answer: D

The answer is without collaborating with parents, special schools and without the external support of NGOs.

Inclusive education depends on partnership. Parents know their child's needs, special schools have expertise in training, curriculum adaptation and assessment, and NGOs provide resource support, so their collaboration is needed for any inclusive initiative to be complete.

Government, society and family support each matter, but each is only one part; option D names the collaboration that the inputs on training, curriculum delivery and assessment actually come from.

Answer: B

Delinquent children are socially exceptional.

Exceptional children are commonly classified as intellectually exceptional (gifted or mentally retarded), physically exceptional (with sensory or motor disabilities), emotionally exceptional, and socially exceptional. Delinquents, whose behaviour violates social norms and the law, fall in the socially exceptional group.

Delinquency is not defined by intellect or physical condition, and the paper places it under social rather than emotional exceptionality.

Answer: C

Special education deals with instructions designing for students with special needs.

Special education is specially designed instruction, adapting content, methods and delivery, to meet the unique needs of children with disabilities or other special needs, wherever they study.

It is not confined to special schools (A), option B merely repeats the term, and preparing students for special jobs (D) is vocational education.

Answer: D

Learning disabilities are mainly seen in reading, writing and arithmetic.

Specific learning disabilities chiefly affect the basic academic skills: reading (dyslexia), writing (dysgraphia) and arithmetic (dyscalculia). The RPwD Act, 2016 names these conditions among specific learning disabilities.

Speaking difficulties belong more to speech and language disorders, and singing is not an academic skill, so the other options are wrong.

Answer: C

The child might be hyperactive.

Constant restlessness, fidgeting and inability to stay settled are the main signs of hyperactivity, as in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Inattention is a different symptom (failing to attend), irresponsibility is a behaviour trait rather than a condition, and a learning disability concerns difficulty with academic skills, not restlessness.

Answer: A

A child who reads some numbers wrongly is described as having dyslexia.

Dyslexia is the learning disability of reading: letters and also digits are misread, reversed or confused (6 and 9, 21 and 12), because the fault lies in decoding written symbols. The question is about reading, which is why the keyed answer is dyslexia.

Dysgraphia is a difficulty in writing, and cerebral palsy is a neurological movement disorder, not a learning disability. Dyscalculia is a difficulty with arithmetic and number sense, and a reader may argue for it, since it also concerns numbers; the key treats the reading error as the deciding feature, and I could not find a source that settles it beyond that.