Modern Techniques and Processes Questions and Answers

Answer: C

In typography, the adjustment of space between two particular characters is kerning. It is used for pairs such as A and V, where the letter shapes leave an uneven gap that has to be tightened.

Leading is the space between lines of type, not between characters. Tracking is the uniform adjustment of spacing across a whole word, line or block of text, rather than between two characters. Legibility is the ease with which letters can be read and is not a spacing operation.

Answer: A

The process described, recording the movement of a person and translating it onto a digital model, is motion capture. The printed option is worded Motion picture, which is the keyed answer and appears to be the intended one with a slip in the term.

Rotoscoping is the tracing of live action film frame by frame to make animation, which does not record the movement digitally. Manga is the Japanese form of comic art, and stop motion is animation made by photographing posed objects one frame at a time. None of these records live movement, so the keyed option is the closest of the four.

Answer: C

The correct sequence of execution in animation or film production is Scripting, Storyboarding, Animatics and Editing. The script is written first, the storyboard draws it shot by shot, the animatic is the timed film of the storyboard, and editing assembles the finished material.

The options that begin with animatics or storyboarding put a later stage before the script, and the option that places editing before animatics (Scripting, Storyboarding, Editing, Animatics) reverses the last two stages, since an animatic is made to plan the timing before the final editing.

Answer: C

The steps of 3D animation, in the order of the production pipeline, are modelling, texture, rigging and rendering, option C. The model is built first as a mesh, then surface colour and detail are painted as textures, then a skeleton and controls are added in rigging so the figure can be posed and animated, and finally the scene is rendered into images. Option A puts rigging before texture, which the key does not accept. Option B starts with texture before there is a model, and option D starts with rigging, so both are wrong.

Answer: A

The matching is: stop motion with animation (ii), montage with visual editing (iv), motion blur with a computer tool (i), and the Lumiere Brothers with cinema (iii), giving ii iv i iii. Stop motion is a technique of animation made frame by frame, montage is the editing of shots together, motion blur is an effect produced by software, and the Lumiere brothers presented the first public film shows in 1895. Options B, C and D pair the Lumiere brothers with something other than cinema, or stop motion with a tool, so they are wrong.

Answer: D

In offset printing the image is reproduced exactly the same as the original. The plate carries a right-reading image, which is transferred to a rubber blanket, where it is reversed, and then from the blanket to the paper, where it reads the right way again. Printing offsets the image twice, so the final print matches the plate.

Reduced is wrong because the size is not changed by the process itself. Upside down is wrong because nothing inverts it. Reverse is wrong because direct printing from a stone or etched plate reverses the image, whereas the offset blanket reverses it back.

Answer: B

Etching is the element related to print making. It is an intaglio process in which lines are bitten into a metal plate by acid, the plate is inked, wiped and printed under pressure to give an impression on paper.

Moulding is wrong because it is a way of shaping clay or plaster in sculpture and craft. Gouache is wrong because it is an opaque water based paint used in painting. Weaving is wrong because it belongs to textiles. Only etching is a print making method.

Answer: A

The official key says that in the Bull fight series Picasso used offset lithography. I could not confirm this from a source, so the key is followed. The other options, soft ground, relief etching and sugar lift etching, are all intaglio techniques made on metal plates, which the key does not accept for this series.

If a candidate knows that Picasso made many lithographs and posters on bullfighting subjects, the lithographic answer fits the key; the distinction between planographic and intaglio processes is the point being tested.

Answer: B

The key takes (A) as correct and (R) as partially correct. A textured surface in a figure, with the hand marks of modelling or carving left visible, catches light unevenly and gives the figure a sense of life, so (A) is sound. The reason is only partially correct: textured surface was one way sculptors made work differently, but it does not state why texture gives life, and it was not new, since Rodin and earlier artists used it.

The other options either reject (A) or credit (R) fully.

Answer: B

The assertion is correct and the reason is not. Etching prints can be made from a metal plate, usually copper or zinc, and also from other hard surfaces such as hard plastic, so (A) holds.

(R) is not correct because etching is not easy to do without technical support. It needs a ground, acid or a mordant, a press, ventilation and trained handling. The options that call (A) not correct, or both correct, are therefore wrong, and so is the one that calls (R) correct alone.