Comparative and Development Administration Questions and Answers

141.

Who defined under development as a condition characterised by an ongoing process of retrogression ?

A.Alfred Sauvy
B.Mao Zedong
C.Andre Gunder Frank
D.Walter Rodney

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

The definition of underdevelopment as a condition marked by an ongoing process of retrogression is credited by the key to Andre Gunder Frank, who held that underdevelopment is produced by capitalist relations between metropolis and satellite.

Alfred Sauvy is known for coining the term third world, Mao Zedong for revolutionary thought, and Walter Rodney for How Europe Underdeveloped Africa, but the key does not credit this definition to them.

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142.

The bureaucracy tended to be more powerful in developing countries than in the developed ones." Who among the following have supported this view ?

(i) F.W. Riggs
(ii) Edward Weidner
(iii) Ferrell Heady
(iv) S.N. Eisenstadt
Select the correct answer by using codes given below :
Codes :

A.(i), (ii), (iii)
B.(i), (iii), (iv)
C.(ii), (iii), (iv)
D.(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

The view that bureaucracy tends to be more powerful in developing countries than in developed ones has been supported by F.W. Riggs, Edward Weidner and Ferrell Heady, which is the option (i), (ii), (iii).

S.N. Eisenstadt, statement (iv), studied bureaucratic empires and the politics of modernisation, but the key does not count him among the supporters of this view, so the options that include (iv) are wrong.

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143.

Which of the following statements about US civil service are correct ?

(i) The spoils system began to be eroded with the enactment of Civil Service Reforms Act, 1883.
(ii) The merit system expanded steadily to almost all of federal employees.
(iii) The overwhelming proportion of bureaucrats are career civil servants selected on the basis of competitive examination.
(iv) Approximately 15000 job skills are represented within the federal work force. Select the correct answer by using codes given below :
Codes :

A.(i), (ii) and (iii)
B.(i), (iii) and (iv)
C.(ii), (iii) and (iv)
D.(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: B

Statements (i), (iii) and (iv) are accepted by the key. The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883 began to erode the spoils system. The overwhelming proportion of American bureaucrats are career civil servants chosen by competitive examination, and the federal workforce has a huge number of different job skills.

Statement (ii) is excluded because it overstates the position: the merit system did not extend to almost all federal employees, as political appointees and other excepted posts remain outside it. So the second option is correct and the options with (ii) are wrong.

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144.

Which one of the following statements about French Civil Services is not correct ?

A.The grand corps with special expertise in administrative law drafted the text of Fifth Republic.
B.Most of the French Prime Minister had been civil servants.
C.The political role of civil servants is encouraged by a constitutional prohibition against ministers, holding seats in Parliament.
D.The civil servants who accept a minister's portfolio also cannot return to their corps if they must leave their high office.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

The statement that is not correct is the last one. In France, civil servants who accept a ministerial portfolio can return to their corps when they leave office, because the corps guarantees their reintegration. This is one of the reasons the political role of the civil servants is so large.

The first three statements are true: the grand corps drafted the Fifth Republic's constitution, many Prime Ministers have been civil servants, and the Fifth Republic's rule that ministers cannot sit in Parliament draws officials into ministerial posts. So option D is the incorrect one.

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145.

Match List - I with List - II. Select the correct answer from the codes given below :

	List - I (Concepts)		List - II (Explanations)
a.	Endoprismatic	i.	Impetus from outside
b.	Exoprismatic	ii.	Semi differentiated and mal-integrated
c.	Orthoprismatic	iii.	Congruence of aspiration and reality
d.	Diffracted	iv.	Internally generated movement towards diffraction

A.a-i, b-iii, c-ii, d-iv
B.a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii
C.a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i
D.a-iii, b-ii, c-i, d-iv

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: B

The keyed answer, the second option, pairs the terms from Riggs's model of prismatic society as endoprismatic with internally generated movement towards diffraction, exoprismatic with impetus from outside, orthoprismatic with a semi-differentiated and mal-integrated state, and diffracted with congruence of aspiration and reality.

The pairing of endoprismatic with an internal source of change and exoprismatic with an external source follows from the prefixes endo (within) and exo (outside). The other codes reverse those two or shift the remaining descriptions, and so do not match the official key.

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146.

Who is the editor of the book titled 'Development Administration in Asia' ?

A.M.H.D. Turner
B.Edward W. Weidner
C.V. Subramaniam
D.M. Shamsul Haque

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: B

Development Administration in Asia, published in 1970, was edited by Edward W. Weidner. It is a collection of studies on the administration of development in Asian states and is a standard text in the study of development administration.

M.H.D. Turner, V. Subramaniam and M. Shamsul Haque are other writers on administration in developing countries, but they are not the editor of this volume. The answer is Edward W. Weidner.

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147.

Which of the following statements about World Trade Organization are correct ?

(i) It deals with trade negotiations which cover goods, services and intellectual property.
(ii) It spells out the principles of liberalization.
(iii) It maintains regular dialogue with NGOs etc. with the aim of enhancing cooperation.
(iv) It comprises of 188 countries as its members. Select the correct answer by using codes given below :
Codes :

A.(i), (ii) and (iii)
B.(ii), (iii) and (iv)
C.(i), (iii) and (iv)
D.(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: A

Statements (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct. The WTO deals with trade negotiations on goods, services and intellectual property, it spells out the principles of trade liberalisation, and it keeps up a dialogue with non-governmental organisations to improve cooperation.

Statement (iv) is wrong because the WTO did not have 188 members. That figure is the membership of the International Monetary Fund, and the WTO has fewer members. So every option containing (iv) is wrong and the first option is the answer.

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148.

Who amongst the following advocated 'Information Energy Model' ?

A.Talcot Parsons
B.Marion Levy
C.F.X. Sulton
D.John T. Doresey

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

The 'information energy model' was advocated by John T. Dorsey, who treated administration as a flow of information and energy in the organisation.

Talcott Parsons is known for the AGIL scheme in structural functionalism, Marion Levy for functional analysis of societies, and F.X. Sutton for work on the American business creed. None of them proposed this model.

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149.

The CLECTS in prismatic society is known as

A.Elite group who uses traditional clouts to win election
B.Hereditary leaders of castegroups
C.Elected leaders of middle class
D.Influential political leaders

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: A

In Riggs' prismatic society, 'clects' are the elite groups who use traditional clout, such as caste or community influence, to win elections. The word is formed from 'clique' and 'sects' and stands for a body that combines the features of a community (cultural ties) with those of an interest group.

It is not the same as hereditary leaders of caste groups, elected middle-class leaders or any influential political leaders. The point of the clect is that it mixes traditional and modern bases of influence, which is why the first option, with its stress on traditional clout in elections, is the one in the key.

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150.

The Government of United States was debarred from infringing the right to keep and bear arms by which of the following amendments ?

A.First Amendment
B.Second Amendment
C.Third Amendment
D.Fourth Amendment

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: B

The right to keep and bear arms is protected by the Second Amendment to the US Constitution, which debars the government from infringing it.

The First Amendment covers freedom of religion, speech, press and assembly, the Third covers the quartering of soldiers, and the Fourth covers protection against unreasonable searches and seizures. Hence the Second Amendment is the right choice.

The amendment is part of the Bill of Rights, ratified in 1791, and its wording, tied to the militia, has been the subject of much constitutional debate.

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