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Geochemical Cycles Questions and Answers

1.

One of the following is the greatest reservoir of carbon :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: D

The greatest reservoir of carbon among these is the deep ocean.

The deep ocean holds about 37,000 to 38,000 billion tonnes of carbon, mostly as dissolved inorganic carbon (bicarbonate and carbonate ions). That is far more than any other active reservoir of the carbon cycle.

Soils hold about 1,500 to 2,400 billion tonnes, terrestrial biomass about 450 to 650 billion tonnes, and the atmosphere about 850 to 900 billion tonnes today. Only the rocks (sedimentary carbonates and kerogen), which are not among the options, hold more than the deep ocean.

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2.

Low concentration of Fe in surface ocean waters after the Late Archaean may be linked to :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: C

Low dissolved iron after the Late Archaean is linked to the Great oxidation event.

In the oxygen-poor Archaean ocean, iron stayed dissolved as ferrous iron (Fe2+). When free oxygen built up in the atmosphere and surface ocean during the Great Oxidation Event, about 2.4-2.3 billion years ago, ferrous iron was oxidised to insoluble ferric iron (Fe3+) and precipitated, contributing to the great banded iron formations and leaving surface waters poor in iron ever since.

Less volcanism or slower spreading would reduce the iron supply only modestly and do not explain the global change, and there is no recognised 'great carbon event' tied to it.

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