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State and Local Administration Questions and Answers

71.

Which of the following body remarked that the 'Block Development Office' should be spinal cord of the rural development process ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

The key credits the remark that the Block Development Office should be the spinal cord of rural development to the G. V. K. Rao Committee, so the answer is D.

That committee of 1985 reviewed the administrative arrangements for rural development and poverty alleviation. It held that the Panchayati Raj bodies at the district level and below should take on a central role, with the block level as the backbone of the system.

The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee (A) proposed the three-tier system, the Santhanam Committee (B) studied the finances of the Panchayati Raj institutions, and the Ashok Mehta Committee (C) proposed a two-tier system. The remark is not credited to them in the key.

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72.

K. Shanthanam Committee (1963) was set up to look into

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The K. Santhanam Committee (1963) looked into the finances of the Panchayati Raj institutions, so the answer is B.

It was appointed to study how the panchayats could be given stronger resources, and it recommended that they be given the power to levy certain taxes and a share of the land revenue, together with grants, so that the institutions would not remain dependent on the State.

It was not a committee on the personnel of the panchayats (A) or on urban local government, whether staff or finances (C, D).

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73.

"As the periodicity of constitution of the Central Finance commission is predictable, the State should time the constitution of their State Finance Commissions suitably." It was observed by

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

The observation that States should time the constitution of their Finance Commissions to the predictable schedule of the Central one was made by the 12th Finance Commission, so the answer is C.

The commission, which reported in 2004, was concerned with the state of local finance after the 73rd and 74th Amendments. It noted that State Finance Commissions should be set up in a way that fits the periodic constitution of the Union commission, so that the recommendations can be taken into account in the devolution of resources.

The key does not credit the 10th, 11th or 13th commissions with this observation.

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74.

"Gram Sabha means a body consisting of persons registered in electoral rolls relating to a village comprised with area of panchayat at the village level." Which of the following has given above description of Gram Sabha ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

The description of the Gram Sabha as a body of persons registered in the electoral rolls of a village comes from the Constitution of India, so the answer is D.

Article 243(b), inserted by the 73rd Amendment in 1992, defines the Gram Sabha in these words: a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of a Panchayat at the village level.

The Balwant Rai Mehta (A), Ashok Mehta (B) and Singhvi (C) committees discussed village assemblies or local government, but the definition quoted in the question is the wording of the Constitution.

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75.

Which of the following states does not have 50 percentage seats reserved for women in the local self government institutions/Panchayati Raj Institutions as on March, 2012 ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

The State that did not have 50 per cent of seats reserved for women in local bodies as of March 2012 is Tamil Nadu, so the answer is B.

The Constitution reserves one-third of the seats for women, and several States raised this to one-half: Tripura, Odisha and Rajasthan were among those that had done so by 2012. Tamil Nadu still kept the one-third reservation at that date.

Options A, C and D are States with the 50 per cent provision in force, so they cannot be the answer to a question asking which does not have it.

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76.

Which of the following committees recommended the Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

The Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act was recommended by the Dileep Singh Bhuria Committee, so the answer is D.

The committee, appointed in 1994, proposed the extension of the Panchayati Raj provisions to the Fifth Schedule areas, with special powers for the gram sabha, and Parliament passed the PESA Act in 1996 on that basis.

The B. D. Sharma (A) report concerned tribal areas more generally, the Second Administrative Reforms Commission (B) came a decade later, and the Punchhi Commission (C) examined centre-state relations.

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77.

Which of the following Committee was constituted on the recommendations of the Growmore Food Enquiry Committee ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The Balwantrai Mehta Committee (1957), which examined the Community Development Programme and the National Extension Service and recommended the three tier Panchayati Raj, is the keyed answer. The development programme it examined came out of the rural development effort of the early 1950s that began with the Grow More Food campaign. The Ashok Mehta Committee (1977) and the L. M. Singhvi Committee (1986) are much later, and none of the later committees arose from that enquiry. Balwantrai Mehta chaired the study team of the Committee on Plan Projects for the programme evaluation and the team reported in 1957.

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78.

Article 243-B of Indian Constitution provides for

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

Article 243-B provides for the Constitution of Panchayats at the village, intermediate and district levels. The other items are covered by other articles in Part IX: the Gram Sabha is in Article 243A, the reservation of seats in Article 243D, and the election to the Panchayats in Article 243K. So 'Constitution of Panchayats' is the answer. It helps to recall the Part IX sequence: 243 is definitions, 243A the Gram Sabha, 243B the Constitution of Panchayats, 243C their composition, 243D reservation of seats and 243E their duration, so 243B is the article that creates the three tier structure itself.

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79.

The Panchayats are described as "Little Republics" by

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The Panchayats are described as 'little republics' by Sir Charles Metcalfe, who in 1830 wrote that the Indian village communities are little republics, having nearly everything they want within themselves and almost independent of any foreign relations. Lord Ripon is known for local self-government resolution of 1882, Lord Hobhouse for the decentralisation commission, and Mahatma Gandhi for his concept of village swaraj. Metcalfe's description was of the self-governing village communities of north India which he said survived changes of dynasty.

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80.

'District Administration' means

(i) Collector's Office
(ii) Conglomeration of all the district level administrative departments
(iii) A territory marked off for special administrative purpose
(iv) The total management of public affairs within the territorial unit. Choose the answer from the codes given below :

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: B

District administration means the collector's office, the conglomeration of all the district level administrative departments, and the total management of public affairs within the territorial unit, which is (i), (ii) and (iv) as the key accepts.

Statement (iii), a territory marked off for a special administrative purpose, is a definition of the district as a unit, not of its administration, so the options with (iii) are wrong. The options with only two items are incomplete.

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