Match the sections of electromagnetic spectrum (List-I) with their percentage representation in the energy emitted by sun (List-II)List-IList-II(a) X-rays, Gamma-rays & radio waves region(i) 43(b) Visible region(ii) 7(c) Near infrared region(iii) less than 1(d) Ultraviolet region(iv) 49

The correct match is a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii.The Sun radiates almost like a black body at about 5,800 K, so its output peaks in the visible. The share of its energy by region, as given in remote sensing and climatology texts, is:RegionShareX-rays, gamma rays, radioless than 1%Visible43%Near infrared49%Ultraviolet7%All four options agree on (a). The others go wrong by giving visible light 49% or 7%, or by giving the near infrared 43% or 7%; ultraviolet is a small share, not 43 or 49%.

Electromagnetic Spectrum and Interactions Questions and Answers

Q: What is the wavelength of visible region in the electromagnetic spectrum ?

The visible region spans about 0.4 - 0.7 μm.Human eyes respond to wavelengths from about 0.4 μm (violet) to 0.7 μm (red), that is 400-700 nm. In remote sensing, the blue, green and red bands of sensors all lie in this range.0.7-1.0 μm is the near infrared, important for vegetation studies. 1.0-3.0 μm is the shortwave infrared, and 3.0-3.5 μm lies in the mid infrared. None of these is visible light.

Q: What is the wavelength of ultraviolet spectrum ?

The ultraviolet wavelength used here is 0.3 to 0.4 micrometer.In remote sensing, the photographic or near ultraviolet that passes through the atmosphere lies just short of visible light, about 0.3-0.4 micrometres. Shorter UV is absorbed by ozone and does not reach the ground.0.4 to 0.7 micrometre is the visible band. 1 to 300 millimetre covers microwaves, and more than 300 centimetre lies in the radio region.

Q: Which of the following statements regarding remote sensing is correct ?

Both statements belong to remote sensing, so the answer is Both (A) and (B).Remote sensing gathers information about a target without touching it, by recording electromagnetic radiation (EMR). Sensors record radiation the target reflects or scatters after interacting with sunlight or a radar pulse (A), as in optical and microwave imaging, and radiation the target emits itself (B), as in thermal infrared and passive microwave sensing.Choosing only A or only B leaves out half of the subject, and 'Neither' denies both of its foundations.

Q: Vegetation reflects maximum radiations in which wavelength ?

Vegetation reflects most strongly in the near infrared.Healthy leaves reflect only about 10-20% of visible light, with a small peak in green, because chlorophyll absorbs blue and red. In the near infrared (about 0.7-1.3 micrometres) the spongy mesophyll cells scatter light strongly and reflectance jumps to 40-50% or more. This sharp rise, the red edge, is the basis of vegetation indices such as NDVI.Visible reflectance is lower, as explained above. Ultraviolet is mostly absorbed by leaf pigments. Microwaves are not a reflectance band in the same sense; radar backscatter from vegetation depends on structure and moisture.

What is the wavelength of visible region in the electromagnetic spectrum ?

A.0.4 - 0.7 μm
B.0.7 - 1.0 μm
C.3.0 - 3.5 μm
D.1.0 - 3.0 μm

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: A

The visible region spans about 0.4 - 0.7 μm.

Human eyes respond to wavelengths from about 0.4 μm (violet) to 0.7 μm (red), that is 400-700 nm. In remote sensing, the blue, green and red bands of sensors all lie in this range.

0.7-1.0 μm is the near infrared, important for vegetation studies. 1.0-3.0 μm is the shortwave infrared, and 3.0-3.5 μm lies in the mid infrared. None of these is visible light.

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What is the wavelength of ultraviolet spectrum ?

A.0.3 to 0.4 micrometer
B.1 to 300 millimeter
C.0.4 to 0.7 micrometer
D.\(\gt\) 300 centimeter

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: A

The ultraviolet wavelength used here is 0.3 to 0.4 micrometer.

In remote sensing, the photographic or near ultraviolet that passes through the atmosphere lies just short of visible light, about 0.3-0.4 micrometres. Shorter UV is absorbed by ozone and does not reach the ground.

0.4 to 0.7 micrometre is the visible band. 1 to 300 millimetre covers microwaves, and more than 300 centimetre lies in the radio region.

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Which of the following statements regarding remote sensing is correct ?

A.The interaction of EMR with target
B.The emission of EMR from the target
C.Both (A) and (B)
D.Neither (A) nor (B)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: C

Both statements belong to remote sensing, so the answer is Both (A) and (B).

Remote sensing gathers information about a target without touching it, by recording electromagnetic radiation (EMR). Sensors record radiation the target reflects or scatters after interacting with sunlight or a radar pulse (A), as in optical and microwave imaging, and radiation the target emits itself (B), as in thermal infrared and passive microwave sensing.

Choosing only A or only B leaves out half of the subject, and 'Neither' denies both of its foundations.

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Vegetation reflects maximum radiations in which wavelength ?

A.Near Infrared
B.Microwave
C.Visible
D.Ultraviolet

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: A

Vegetation reflects most strongly in the near infrared.

Healthy leaves reflect only about 10-20% of visible light, with a small peak in green, because chlorophyll absorbs blue and red. In the near infrared (about 0.7-1.3 micrometres) the spongy mesophyll cells scatter light strongly and reflectance jumps to 40-50% or more. This sharp rise, the red edge, is the basis of vegetation indices such as NDVI.

Visible reflectance is lower, as explained above. Ultraviolet is mostly absorbed by leaf pigments. Microwaves are not a reflectance band in the same sense; radar backscatter from vegetation depends on structure and moisture.

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Match the sections of electromagnetic spectrum (List-I) with their percentage representation in the energy emitted by sun (List-II)

List-I	List-II
(a) X-rays, Gamma-rays & radio waves region	(i) 43
(b) Visible region	(ii) 7
(c) Near infrared region	(iii) less than 1
(d) Ultraviolet region	(iv) 49

A.a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii
B.a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii
C.a-iii, b-ii, c-i, d-iv
D.a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: B

The correct match is a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii.

The Sun radiates almost like a black body at about 5,800 K, so its output peaks in the visible. The share of its energy by region, as given in remote sensing and climatology texts, is:

Region	Share
X-rays, gamma rays, radio	less than 1%
Visible	43%
Near infrared	49%
Ultraviolet	7%

All four options agree on (a). The others go wrong by giving visible light 49% or 7%, or by giving the near infrared 43% or 7%; ultraviolet is a small share, not 43 or 49%.

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