Functions have the static qualifier by default.
Answer: B
Correct answer: false
Functions have external linkage by default, not static - which is why a function defined in one file can be called from another. Writing static before a function is what confines it to its own file.
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The value computed in a function is given back to the caller using the ________ keyword.
Answer: A
Correct answer: return
return both ends the function and passes the value back. static, new and volatile have nothing to do with it - and new is not even a C keyword.
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What is the problem in the following declarations?
int func(int);
double func(int);
int func(float);
Answer: D
Correct answer: All of the mentioned
C has no function overloading: one name may denote only one function in a translation unit. So none of the three variations is allowed - not a different signature, not a different return type, not a different number of parameters. (C++ permits overloading on the parameters, though still not on the return type alone.)
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Array sizes are optional during array declaration by using ______ keyword.
Answer: C
Correct answer: extern
An extern declaration says the array is defined elsewhere, so its size may be omitted: extern int a[];. The definition in the other file supplies the size. Note the consequence - sizeof cannot be applied to it in this file, since the compiler does not know how big it is.
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Which of the following cannot be static in C?
Answer: D
Correct answer: None of the mentioned
Variables and functions can both be static, which gives them internal linkage or, for a local variable, a lifetime as long as the program’s. A structure variable can be static too. What cannot be static is a structure type - but a type has no storage class in the first place.
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In C all functions except main() can be called recursively.
Answer: B
Correct answer: False
main can be called recursively in C - it is an ordinary function in that respect, and the standard permits it. (C++ forbids it.) So the statement that every function except main may recurse is false.
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What is the output of this C code?
void m()
{
printf("hi");
}
void main()
{
m();
}
Answer: A
Correct answer: hi
m is defined before main, so it is already declared when the call is reached, and it simply prints hi. (void main() is non-standard, but every compiler accepts it.)
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What is the output of this C code?
int main()
{
auto i = 10;
const auto int *p = &i;
printf("%d\n", i);
}
Answer: A
Correct answer: 10
auto i = 10; relies on the old implicit int, and const auto int *p combines a qualifier with a storage class, which is allowed. The program prints 10 - though a modern compiler will warn, since C99 removed implicit int.
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Which part of the program address space is p stored in the code given below?
int *p;
int main()
{
int i = 0;
p = &i;
return 0;
}
Answer: C
Correct answer: Bss segment
p is at file scope with no initialiser, so it belongs in BSS - the block reserved for zero-initialised statics. BSS occupies no space in the executable file: only its size is recorded, and the loader zeroes it, which is why an uninitialised global costs nothing on disk.
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Every function must return a value
Answer: B
Correct answer: No
A function declared void returns nothing at all, and needs no return statement - reaching the closing brace ends it. Only a function with a non-void return type is obliged to return a value.
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