UNIVAC is
Answer: A
Correct answer: Universal Automatic Computer
UNIVAC is the UNIVersal Automatic Computer, built by Eckert and Mauchly and delivered in 1951 - the first commercially produced computer in the United States. It made its name by correctly predicting the 1952 presidential election from a small sample of returns.
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The two kinds of main memory are:
Answer: C
Correct answer: ROM and RAM
Main (primary) memory is of two kinds: RAM, which is read-write and volatile, and ROM, which is read-only and keeps its contents without power - where the start-up firmware lives. “Primary and secondary” describes main memory against disk, which is a different division altogether.
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In most of the IBM PCs, the CPU, the device drivers, memory, expansion slots and active components are mounted on a single board. What is the name of the board?
Answer: A
Correct answer: Motherboard
The motherboard is the main printed circuit board, carrying the processor, memory, chipset and expansion slots, and joining them by the system buses. Smaller boards that plug into it are called daughterboards; a breadboard is a prototyping device.
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Which of the following statements is valid?
Answer: D
Correct answer: All of above
All three are true. Ada, Countess of Lovelace wrote the notes on Babbage’s Analytical Engine that contain what is generally called the first computer program, so she is regarded as the first programmer; she was the daughter of Lord Byron; and the language Ada, developed for the United States Department of Defense in the late 1970s, is named after her.
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Which was the most popular first generation computer?
Answer: A
Correct answer: IBM 1650
The IBM 650 family - of which the 1650 is the designation used in this question - was the most widely sold computer of the first generation, with roughly two thousand delivered from 1954. The IBM 360 belongs to the third generation and the 1130 to the third as well.
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If in a computer, 16 bits are used to specify address in a RAM, the number of addresses will be
Answer: B
Correct answer: Any of the above
All three describe the same quantity. Sixteen address lines give \(2^{16}\) distinct combinations, and
\[ 2^{16} = 65{,}536 = 64 \times 1024 = 64\text{K} \]so “\(2^{16}\)”, “65,536” and “64K” are three notations for one number.
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An application suitable for sequential processing is
Answer: C
Correct answer: Both a and b
Sequential processing suits work where every record must be handled in a single run, in order - and both payroll and the processing of grades are of that kind. Nothing is gained by random access when the whole file has to be read anyway. Enquiry systems, where one record is wanted at a time, are the opposite case.
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Nepal brought a computer for census of 2028 BS. This computer was of
Answer: B
Correct answer: second generation
The IBM 1401, brought to Nepal in 2028 BS (1971) for the census, was a second-generation machine - built with discrete transistors rather than valves or integrated circuits. It was already an old design by then, but it did the work.
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The basic operations performed by a computer are
Answer: D
Correct answer: All the above
A computer does three kinds of thing: arithmetic (add, subtract, multiply, divide), logical comparisons (equal, greater, less), and storage and retrieval of data. The first two are the work of the ALU, the third of memory; everything else is built from them.
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The term gigabyte refers to
Answer: C
Correct answer: 1024 megabytes
The units go up in steps of 1024, which is \(2^{10}\): 1024 bytes to the kilobyte, 1024 kilobytes to the megabyte, and 1024 megabytes to the gigabyte - that is \(2^{30}\) bytes. (Disk manufacturers use powers of ten instead, which is why a “500 GB” drive shows as about 465 GB.)
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