The Database Environment Questions and Answers

Q: Duplicate data often results in loss of data integrity because:

Correct answer: Both A & B.Duplication threatens integrity in two ways at once. The same fact may be recorded in different formats, so the copies cannot be compared reliably; and one copy may be updated while another is not, so they disagree outright. Removing the duplication removes both problems, which is the central argument for the database approach.

Q: The database approach requires additional costs and risks.

Correct answer: TrueThe approach is not free. It requires specialised staff, new hardware and software, conversion of existing systems, and management commitment; and it concentrates risk, since a failure of the shared database stops everything relying on it. These costs are set against the benefits rather than ignored.

Q: Database management systems were first introduced in the 1950s.

Correct answer: FalseDatabase management systems appeared in the 1960s, with the network and hierarchical products; the relational model was proposed in 1970 and reached commercial products in the late 1970s and 1980s. The 1950s predate them - that decade’s systems were file processing on tape.

Q: A workgroup typically comprises between 25 and 100 persons.

Correct answer: FalseA workgroup is small - conventionally fewer than 25 people - and is defined by working together on a common task rather than by any particular size. The range of 25 to 100 belongs to a departmental database, the next level up in the usual classification.

Q: Stand-alone databases exhibit many of the same advantages common to file processing systems.

Correct answer: FalseStand-alone databases exhibit the disadvantages of file processing, not the advantages: the same data is duplicated across them, definitions diverge, and nothing is shared. That is why a proliferation of personal databases recreates the fragmentation the database approach was meant to cure.

Q: All enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are heavily dependent on databases to store the data required by the ERP applications.

Correct answer: TrueAn ERP system is a set of applications sharing one integrated database, and it is that shared database which lets an order raised in sales appear immediately in manufacturing and in finance. Without it the applications would be separate systems again, which is precisely what ERP was devised to replace.

Q: A database application can perform which of the following activities?

Correct answer: All of the above.A database application is the program through which people work with the data, so it does whatever the users need - adding, reading, updating and deleting records, and presenting the results. The DBMS provides the mechanism; the application supplies the purpose and the interface.

21.

Data administrators are responsible for:

A.physical database design.
B.managing technical issues in the database environment.
C.overall management of data resources in an organization.
D.writing application programs.

Answer: C

Correct answer: overall management of data resources in an organization.

Data administration is a policy and stewardship role - standards, definitions, ownership, quality and the enterprise model. Physical design and technical management belong to database administration, and writing applications to development. The distinction is between governing the data and running the machinery.

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22.

Duplicate data often results in loss of data integrity because:

A.the data formats may be inconsistent.
B.data values may not agree.
C.Both A & B.
D.Neither A & B.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Both A & B.

Duplication threatens integrity in two ways at once. The same fact may be recorded in different formats, so the copies cannot be compared reliably; and one copy may be updated while another is not, so they disagree outright. Removing the duplication removes both problems, which is the central argument for the database approach.

Discuss in Forum

23.

The database approach requires additional costs and risks.

A.True
B.False

Answer: A

Correct answer: True

The approach is not free. It requires specialised staff, new hardware and software, conversion of existing systems, and management commitment; and it concentrates risk, since a failure of the shared database stops everything relying on it. These costs are set against the benefits rather than ignored.

Discuss in Forum

24.

An enterprise database is which of the following?

A.A database designed to support only users external to an organization
B.A database designed to support an entire organization
C.A database designed to support a relatively small group
D.A database designed to support a single PC

Answer: B

Correct answer: A database designed to support an entire organization

An enterprise database serves the organisation as a whole rather than one group within it, which is what makes it valuable and what makes it difficult: the definitions must be agreed across departments that have used different ones, and the availability requirements are those of the whole business.

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25.

Database management systems were first introduced in the 1950s.

A.True
B.False

Answer: B

Correct answer: False

Database management systems appeared in the 1960s, with the network and hierarchical products; the relational model was proposed in 1970 and reached commercial products in the late 1970s and 1980s. The 1950s predate them - that decade’s systems were file processing on tape.

Discuss in Forum

26.

Legacy data is which of the following?

A.Data contained in a newly-installed system
B.Data rejected during the installation of a new system
C.Data contained in a file system
D.Data contained by a system used prior to the installation of a new system

Answer: D

Correct answer: Data contained by a system used prior to the installation of a new system

Legacy data is what the old system leaves behind, and it is usually the hardest part of a migration: it was recorded under different definitions, with different codes and different quality standards, and it must be understood before it can be converted.

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27.

A workgroup typically comprises between 25 and 100 persons.

A.True
B.False

Answer: B

Correct answer: False

A workgroup is small - conventionally fewer than 25 people - and is defined by working together on a common task rather than by any particular size. The range of 25 to 100 belongs to a departmental database, the next level up in the usual classification.

Discuss in Forum

28.

Stand-alone databases exhibit many of the same advantages common to file processing systems.

A.True
B.False

Answer: B

Correct answer: False

Stand-alone databases exhibit the disadvantages of file processing, not the advantages: the same data is duplicated across them, definitions diverge, and nothing is shared. That is why a proliferation of personal databases recreates the fragmentation the database approach was meant to cure.

Discuss in Forum

29.

All enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are heavily dependent on databases to store the data required by the ERP applications.

A.True
B.False

Answer: A

Correct answer: True

An ERP system is a set of applications sharing one integrated database, and it is that shared database which lets an order raised in sales appear immediately in manufacturing and in finance. Without it the applications would be separate systems again, which is precisely what ERP was devised to replace.

Discuss in Forum

30.

A database application can perform which of the following activities?

A.Add records
B.Read records
C.Update records
D.All of the above.

Answer: D

Correct answer: All of the above.

A database application is the program through which people work with the data, so it does whatever the users need - adding, reading, updating and deleting records, and presenting the results. The DBMS provides the mechanism; the application supplies the purpose and the interface.

Discuss in Forum

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