Networking Basics Questions and Answers

Q: In networking, which device operates at Layer 3 of the OSI model and makes forwarding decisions based on IP addresses ?

The device is a Router.A router works at the network layer (Layer 3). It reads the destination IP address in each packet, looks it up in its routing table and forwards the packet towards the destination network, connecting separate networks together.Bridges and switches work at the data link layer (Layer 2) using MAC addresses, and a hub works at the physical layer (Layer 1), repeating signals. Some switches add Layer 3 routing, but the device defined by Layer 3 forwarding is the router.

Q: Which of the following are uses of Computer Network ?

The answer is All of the above.The standard uses of a computer network include resource sharing (printers, files, programs and data used from any machine), a powerful communication medium (e-mail, messaging, shared documents) and high reliability, since files can be copied to several machines and work can continue if one of them fails.The paper prints 'Power communication medium' for powerful communication medium. Since all three are uses, choosing any one alone is incomplete.

Q: What is (are) the method(s) to move data through a network of links and switches ?

The methods are Packet switching and Circuit switching.In circuit switching, as in the old telephone network, a dedicated path is set up between the two ends before data flows and held for the whole call. In packet switching, as on the Internet, data is cut into packets that travel independently through the switches and share the links with other traffic.Each alone is only half the answer, and 'line switching' is not a standard switching method.

Q: Different computers are connected to a LAN by a cable and

The computers are connected by a cable and an interface card.Each computer on a LAN has a network interface card (NIC), which has a unique MAC address and converts the computer's data into signals on the cable, such as an Ethernet cable plugged into the card's port.A modem connects a computer to a telephone or cable line for wide-area access, not to a LAN. Telephone lines are a wide-area medium, and 'special wires' names no actual device.

Q: Error detection at the data link layer is achieved by

Error detection at the data link layer is done with Cyclic redundancy codes.The sender divides the frame's bits by a fixed generator polynomial and appends the remainder as the frame check sequence. The receiver repeats the division; a non-zero remainder means the frame was corrupted. Ethernet uses a 32-bit CRC this way.Bit stuffing is used for framing, to keep the flag pattern out of the data. Hamming codes are designed to correct errors rather than just detect them, and are used mainly in memory. Equalization is a physical-layer technique for distorted signals.

Q: Encryption and decryption are the functions of

Encryption and decryption are functions of the Presentation layer.In the OSI model, layer 6, the presentation layer, deals with how data is represented: translation between formats, encryption and decryption, and compression.The session layer manages dialogues and synchronisation, and the transport layer provides end-to-end delivery and flow control, so neither is the OSI home of encryption.

Q: How often are BPDUs sent from a layer 2 device?

Correct answer: Every 2 secondsBridge protocol data units are sent every two seconds by default, which is the spanning tree hello time. They carry the bridge ID and path cost information from which every switch determines the root bridge, its own root port and any blocking ports. The interval matters because convergence times are derived from it: max age is twenty seconds, ten missed hellos, and forward delay fifteen.

Q: How many broadcast domains are created when you segment a network with a 12-port switch?

Correct answer: 1A switch breaks up collision domains, not broadcast domains: a broadcast frame arriving on one port is flooded out of all the others, so all twelve ports remain in a single broadcast domain by default. Splitting that domain requires either a router or VLANs configured on the switch, each VLAN forming a broadcast domain of its own. The complementary question - how many collision domains - gives twelve.

Q: In a network with dozens of switches, how many root bridges would you have?

Correct answer: 1Spanning tree elects exactly one root bridge per broadcast domain, however many switches there are, and every other switch computes its shortest path to that root. The election is by lowest bridge ID - priority first, then MAC address as the tiebreaker - which is why the priority is normally set deliberately on the switch that should win, rather than left to the accident of which switch has the lowest MAC address.

71.

In networking, which device operates at Layer 3 of the OSI model and makes forwarding decisions based on IP addresses ?

A.Router
B.Bridge
C.Hub
D.Switch

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2026,

Answer: A

The device is a Router.

A router works at the network layer (Layer 3). It reads the destination IP address in each packet, looks it up in its routing table and forwards the packet towards the destination network, connecting separate networks together.

Bridges and switches work at the data link layer (Layer 2) using MAC addresses, and a hub works at the physical layer (Layer 1), repeating signals. Some switches add Layer 3 routing, but the device defined by Layer 3 forwarding is the router.

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72.

Which of the following are uses of Computer Network ?

A.Resource sharing
B.Power communication medium
C.Providing high reliability
D.All of the above

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2019,

Answer: D

The answer is All of the above.

The standard uses of a computer network include resource sharing (printers, files, programs and data used from any machine), a powerful communication medium (e-mail, messaging, shared documents) and high reliability, since files can be copied to several machines and work can continue if one of them fails.

The paper prints 'Power communication medium' for powerful communication medium. Since all three are uses, choosing any one alone is incomplete.

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73.

What is (are) the method(s) to move data through a network of links and switches ?

A.Packet switching
B.Circuit switching
C.Line switching
D.Both (A) and (B)

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2019,

Answer: D

The methods are Packet switching and Circuit switching.

In circuit switching, as in the old telephone network, a dedicated path is set up between the two ends before data flows and held for the whole call. In packet switching, as on the Internet, data is cut into packets that travel independently through the switches and share the links with other traffic.

Each alone is only half the answer, and 'line switching' is not a standard switching method.

Discuss in Forum

74.

Different computers are connected to a LAN by a cable and

A.modem
B.interface card
C.special wires
D.telephone lines

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2019,

Answer: B

The computers are connected by a cable and an interface card.

Each computer on a LAN has a network interface card (NIC), which has a unique MAC address and converts the computer's data into signals on the cable, such as an Ethernet cable plugged into the card's port.

A modem connects a computer to a telephone or cable line for wide-area access, not to a LAN. Telephone lines are a wide-area medium, and 'special wires' names no actual device.

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75.

Error detection at the data link layer is achieved by

A.Bit stuffing
B.Cyclic redundancy codes
C.Hamming codes
D.Equalization

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2019,

Answer: B

Error detection at the data link layer is done with Cyclic redundancy codes.

The sender divides the frame's bits by a fixed generator polynomial and appends the remainder as the frame check sequence. The receiver repeats the division; a non-zero remainder means the frame was corrupted. Ethernet uses a 32-bit CRC this way.

Bit stuffing is used for framing, to keep the flag pattern out of the data. Hamming codes are designed to correct errors rather than just detect them, and are used mainly in memory. Equalization is a physical-layer technique for distorted signals.

Discuss in Forum

76.

Encryption and decryption are the functions of

A.Session layer
B.Presentation layer
C.Transport layer
D.None of the above

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2019,

Answer: B

Encryption and decryption are functions of the Presentation layer.

In the OSI model, layer 6, the presentation layer, deals with how data is represented: translation between formats, encryption and decryption, and compression.

The session layer manages dialogues and synchronisation, and the transport layer provides end-to-end delivery and flow control, so neither is the OSI home of encryption.

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77.

How often are BPDUs sent from a layer 2 device?

A.Never
B.Every 2 seconds
C.Every 10 minutes
D.Every 30 seconds

Answer: B

Correct answer: Every 2 seconds

Bridge protocol data units are sent every two seconds by default, which is the spanning tree hello time. They carry the bridge ID and path cost information from which every switch determines the root bridge, its own root port and any blocking ports. The interval matters because convergence times are derived from it: max age is twenty seconds, ten missed hellos, and forward delay fifteen.

Discuss in Forum

78.

How many broadcast domains are created when you segment a network with a 12-port switch?

A.1
B.2
C.5
D.12

Answer: A

Correct answer: 1

A switch breaks up collision domains, not broadcast domains: a broadcast frame arriving on one port is flooded out of all the others, so all twelve ports remain in a single broadcast domain by default. Splitting that domain requires either a router or VLANs configured on the switch, each VLAN forming a broadcast domain of its own. The complementary question - how many collision domains - gives twelve.

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79.

In a network with dozens of switches, how many root bridges would you have?

A.1
B.2
C.5
D.12

Answer: A

Correct answer: 1

Spanning tree elects exactly one root bridge per broadcast domain, however many switches there are, and every other switch computes its shortest path to that root. The election is by lowest bridge ID - priority first, then MAC address as the tiebreaker - which is why the priority is normally set deliberately on the switch that should win, rather than left to the accident of which switch has the lowest MAC address.

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80.

Two devices are in network if __________

A.a process in one device is able to exchange information with a process in another device
B.a process is running on both devices
C.PIDs of the processes running of different devices are same
D.a process is active and another is inactive

Answer: A

Explanation: A computer network, or data network, is a digital telecommunications network which allows nodes to share resources. In computer networks, computing devices exchange data with each other using connections between nodes. The nodes have certain processes which enable them to share a specific type of data using a distinct protocol.

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