Computer Hardware and Software Questions and Answers

Q: Which unit is used to measure the resolution of a printer?

Correct answer: Dots per inchPrinter resolution is measured in dots per inch, the number of individual dots of ink or toner the printer can place along an inch. Higher figures give finer detail and smoother curves. Typical values are worth knowing: 300 dpi is adequate for ordinary text, 600 dpi is common on laser printers, and photographic work uses 1200 dpi or more. The distractors measure related but different things, and the set is a standard examination pairing. Pixels measure the resolution of a display or a digital image. Hertz measures a monitor’s refresh rate or a processor’s clock. Bits per second measures data transfer. The same unit dpi is used for scanners, where it means how finely the original is sampled - and it is worth noting that an image scanned at 300 dpi and printed at 300 dpi comes out the same size, while printing it larger reduces its effective resolution. Print speed, a separate specification, is quoted in pages per minute.

Q: You get a CMOS checksum error during bootup. What is most likely the cause?

Correct answer: CMOS battery is nearing end of lifeThe checksum is stored with the CMOS settings and fails when they are corrupted, which happens as the battery loses the charge that maintains them. A new battery and re-entered settings cure it.

Q: What is a common language that computers use to talk with one another on a network

Correct answer: protocolA protocol is the agreed set of rules by which two machines exchange data, which is what makes it the common language of a network. The adapter is the hardware and the client the software using it.

Q: Which part of the laser printer should NOT be exposed to sunlight?

Correct answer: PC drumThe photosensitive drum holds its image as a pattern of charge, and light discharges it. Strong light therefore erases the image and can damage the coating, which is why the drum is shipped in a light-proof cartridge.

Q: Which of these is not a part of the CPU?

Correct answer: Hard diskThe hard disk is a separate storage device connected to the motherboard, not a part of the processor. The CPU has three components. The arithmetic logic unit performs arithmetic and logical operations and sets the status flags - zero, carry, sign, overflow - that conditional branches test. The control unit fetches instructions, decodes them and directs the rest of the machine, generating the timing and control signals. The registers hold the operands and results being worked on, and are the fastest storage in the computer. Modern processors also carry cache on the same die, which blurs the boundary a little, and often an integrated graphics unit and memory controller as well. The processor operates in a repeating fetch–decode–execute cycle. The distinction the question tests is between what is inside the processor package and what is attached to it - and storage is always outside.

Q: Which among the following is not a peripheral hardware device in a computer system?

Correct answer: HDDA peripheral is a device attached to the computer rather than part of it, and the keyboard, printer and optical drive all qualify. The hard disk is internal and is treated as part of the system rather than as a peripheral.

Q: A standard multimeter is ideal for measuring a monitors high voltage output.

Correct answer: FalseA CRT anode carries tens of kilovolts, hundreds of times beyond a standard meter's range and its insulation. Measuring it requires a high-voltage probe designed for the purpose.

Q: When installing PCI NICS you can check the IRQ availability by looking at

Correct answer: motherboard BIOSPCI cards have no jumpers or switches; their resources are assigned by the system. The BIOS setup shows which IRQs are in use and which are free, so that is where to look.

Q: From what location are the 1st computer instructions available on boot up?

Correct answer: ROM BIOSAt power-on the processor has no software in memory, so it fetches its first instruction from firmware - the ROM BIOS. Everything else, including boot.ini and CONFIG.SYS, is on disk and cannot be read until the BIOS has started the machine.

241.

What is the function of an expansion slot on a motherboard?

A.To allow additional cards to be fitted, extending the computer’s capabilities
B.To hold the processor
C.To connect the power supply
D.To store the BIOS settings

Answer: C

Correct answer: To allow additional cards to be fitted, extending the computer’s capabilities

An expansion slot accepts a circuit card that adds capability the motherboard does not itself provide - a graphics card, sound card, network card, capture card or additional storage controller. The modern standard is PCI Express, which comes in sizes described by the number of lanes: x1, x4, x8 and x16. Each lane is a serial connection, so bandwidth scales with the count, and a graphics card takes an x16 slot. A shorter card fits a longer slot and simply uses fewer lanes. It replaced the older PCI and AGP standards, and the shift from parallel PCI to serial PCI Express follows the same reasoning as USB and SATA: at high speeds, timing skew between parallel wires becomes the limiting factor. The other options describe different parts: the processor sits in a socket, the power supply uses dedicated connectors, and BIOS settings live in CMOS memory kept alive by a battery.

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242.

Which unit is used to measure the resolution of a printer?

A.Dots per inch
B.Hertz
C.Pixels
D.Bits per second

Answer: B

Correct answer: Dots per inch

Printer resolution is measured in dots per inch, the number of individual dots of ink or toner the printer can place along an inch. Higher figures give finer detail and smoother curves. Typical values are worth knowing: 300 dpi is adequate for ordinary text, 600 dpi is common on laser printers, and photographic work uses 1200 dpi or more. The distractors measure related but different things, and the set is a standard examination pairing. Pixels measure the resolution of a display or a digital image. Hertz measures a monitor’s refresh rate or a processor’s clock. Bits per second measures data transfer. The same unit dpi is used for scanners, where it means how finely the original is sampled - and it is worth noting that an image scanned at 300 dpi and printed at 300 dpi comes out the same size, while printing it larger reduces its effective resolution. Print speed, a separate specification, is quoted in pages per minute.

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243.

You get a CMOS checksum error during bootup. What is most likely the cause?

A.power supply is bad
B.BIOS needs updating
C.CMOS battery is nearing end of life
D.hard drive types are incorrectly defined

Answer: C

Correct answer: CMOS battery is nearing end of life

The checksum is stored with the CMOS settings and fails when they are corrupted, which happens as the battery loses the charge that maintains them. A new battery and re-entered settings cure it.

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244.

What is a common language that computers use to talk with one another on a network

A.client
B.adapter
C.protocol
D.operating systems

Answer: C

Correct answer: protocol

A protocol is the agreed set of rules by which two machines exchange data, which is what makes it the common language of a network. The adapter is the hardware and the client the software using it.

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245.

Which part of the laser printer should NOT be exposed to sunlight?

A.Transfer corona assembly
B.PC drum
C.Primary corona wire
D.Toner cartridge

Answer: B

Correct answer: PC drum

The photosensitive drum holds its image as a pattern of charge, and light discharges it. Strong light therefore erases the image and can damage the coating, which is why the drum is shipped in a light-proof cartridge.

Discuss in Forum

246.

Which of these is not a part of the CPU?

A.Hard disk
B.Arithmetic logic unit
C.Control unit
D.Registers

Answer: C

Correct answer: Hard disk

The hard disk is a separate storage device connected to the motherboard, not a part of the processor. The CPU has three components. The arithmetic logic unit performs arithmetic and logical operations and sets the status flags - zero, carry, sign, overflow - that conditional branches test. The control unit fetches instructions, decodes them and directs the rest of the machine, generating the timing and control signals. The registers hold the operands and results being worked on, and are the fastest storage in the computer. Modern processors also carry cache on the same die, which blurs the boundary a little, and often an integrated graphics unit and memory controller as well. The processor operates in a repeating fetch–decode–execute cycle. The distinction the question tests is between what is inside the processor package and what is attached to it - and storage is always outside.

Discuss in Forum

247.

Which among the following is not a peripheral hardware device in a computer system?

A.Keyboard
B.Optical Drive
C.HDD
D.Printer

Answer: C

Correct answer: HDD

A peripheral is a device attached to the computer rather than part of it, and the keyboard, printer and optical drive all qualify. The hard disk is internal and is treated as part of the system rather than as a peripheral.

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248.

A standard multimeter is ideal for measuring a monitors high voltage output.

A.True
B.False

Answer: B

Correct answer: False

A CRT anode carries tens of kilovolts, hundreds of times beyond a standard meter's range and its insulation. Measuring it requires a high-voltage probe designed for the purpose.

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249.

When installing PCI NICS you can check the IRQ availability by looking at

A.dip switches
B.CONFIG.SYS
C.jumper settings
D.motherboard BIOS

Answer: D

Correct answer: motherboard BIOS

PCI cards have no jumpers or switches; their resources are assigned by the system. The BIOS setup shows which IRQs are in use and which are free, so that is where to look.

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250.

From what location are the 1st computer instructions available on boot up?

A.ROM BIOS
B.CPU
C.boot.ini
D.CONFIG.SYS

Answer: A

Correct answer: ROM BIOS

At power-on the processor has no software in memory, so it fetches its first instruction from firmware - the ROM BIOS. Everything else, including boot.ini and CONFIG.SYS, is on disk and cannot be read until the BIOS has started the machine.

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